MORRISTOWN, N.J., Feb. 15, 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- Covanta Holding Corporation (NYSE: CVA) ("Covanta" or the "Company"), a world leader in sustainable waste and energy solutions, reported financial results today for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2016.


                                        FY 2015              FY 2016
                                        -------              -------

                                    (Unaudited, $ in
                                    millions, except
                                   per share amounts)

    Revenue                                     $1,645                $1,699

    Net
     Income
     (Loss)                                        $68                  $(1)

    Adjusted
     EBITDA                                       $428                  $410

    Cash flow
     provided
     by
     operating
     activities                                   $249                  $282

    Free Cash
     Flow                                         $147                  $172

    Diluted
     EPS                                         $0.51               $(0.01)

    Adjusted
     EPS                                         $0.07               $(0.15)


    Reconciliations of non-GAAP measures can be found in the
     exhibits to this press release.

Highlights and Accomplishments


    --  Strong end of year performance - in line with guidance ranges
    --  Dublin on target for full operations by the start of Q4 2017
    --  Completed China sale and repatriated funds to pay down debt
    --  Meaningful progress on multiple organic growth initiatives
        --  Environmental Solutions business expansion and record profiled waste
            revenue
        --  Record metal recovery volumes
        --  Continuous Improvement efforts contributing as expected

"I am very pleased with our performance in the fourth quarter, which led to solid full year results," said Stephen J. Jones, Covanta's President and CEO. "Record profiled waste and strong markets helped drive our performance on the waste revenue line, and the team continues to execute on our other organic growth initiatives, including metal recovery, which also hit a record in 2016, and Continuous Improvement. While we expect modest Adjusted EBITDA growth in 2017, the significant progress on the construction of our Dublin facility, which is scheduled for commercial operations by the start of the fourth quarter, coupled with the benefits from our ongoing organic growth initiatives, position us for stronger results and more meaningful Free Cash Flow growth in 2018 and beyond."

Full Year 2016
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2016, total revenue increased by $54 million to $1.699 billion from $1.645 billion in 2015. Overall, higher waste and service revenue more than offset a decline in energy revenue.

Organic growth drove revenue increases of $51 million as follows:


    --  Waste and service revenue grew by $35 million, with increases including:
        --  EfW waste processing of $26 million (2.8%), with price and volume
            improvements of $24 million and $2 million, respectively;
        --  Environmental services revenue of $12 million as a result of
            increased activity at previously acquired businesses; and
        --  Higher municipal services revenue, primarily relating to the NYC MTS
            contract and transfer station volumes;
    --  Energy revenue decreased by $5 million, resulting from lower production
        volume at EfW facilities (primarily related to turbine generator
        downtime at our Plymouth facility);
    --  Recycled metals revenue decreased by $1 million, driven by lower market
        prices, partially offset by higher volume; and
    --  Other revenue increased by $21 million due to higher construction
        revenue.

Contract transitions increased revenue by $16 million, with increased share of energy revenue following service fee to tip fee contract transitions partially offset by the expiration of certain long-term energy contracts.

Transactions resulted in a decrease of $13 million in revenue year-over-year, with $52 million in higher waste and service revenue across business lines more than offset by a $66 million reduction resulting from the shut-down of biomass facilities and the sale of assets in China.

Excluding impairment charges ((1)), operating expense increased by $77 million to $1.570 billion. The year-over-year increase was primarily due to:


    --  a $17 million increase in same store plant maintenance, driven by the
        timing and scope of scheduled maintenance;
    --  a $49 million increase in same store other plant operating expenses due
        to higher employee incentive compensation, same store cost escalation,
        and higher expenses relating to the commencement of operations at our
        centralized metals processing facility;
    --  a $14 million increase in same store other operating expense resulting
        from increased construction activities;
    --  a $9 million increase in same store general and administrative costs
        driven primarily by higher employee incentive compensation; and
    --  a $7 million increase in operating expense resulting from contract
        transitions, namely the Fairfax EfW facility transition from a service
        fee to tip fee contract structure;
    --  offset by a $22 million decrease in plant operating expense related to
        the transactions described above.

((1)) 2016 and 2015 include impairment charges of $20 million and $43 million, respectively.

Adjusted EBITDA declined by $18 million on a year-over-year basis to $410 million, as year-over-year organic growth, primarily from improved waste pricing and profiled waste, was more than offset by increased employee incentive compensation and a modest headwind from commodity prices. Contract transitions increased Adjusted EBITDA by $15 million, while transactions resulted in a net negative $4 million, with the impact of the China asset sale exceeding the benefits of the environmental services acquisitions and NYC MTS contract in the year.

Free Cash Flow increased by $25 million to $172 million, primarily as a result of a meaningful working capital benefit.

Adjusted EPS decreased by $0.22 to $(0.15). The decrease was driven primarily by increased tax expense.

Shareholder Returns
During the quarter, the Company declared a regular cash dividend of $0.25 per share. In 2016, the Company paid a total of $131 million in dividends at its annualized rate of $1.00 per share.

Fourth Quarter Results
For the three months ended December 31, 2016 compared to the same period last year:


    --  Total revenue increased $25 million to $457 million;
    --  Adjusted EBITDA increased $1 million to $128 million;
    --  Cash flow provided by operating activities increased $41 million to $136
        million;
    --  Free Cash Flow increased $44 million to $108 million;
    --  Diluted EPS decreased $0.50 to $0.08; and
    --  Adjusted EPS increased $0.05 to $0.08.

2017 Guidance
The Company established guidance for 2017 for the following key metrics:



       (In millions)

    Metric                  2016                           2017
                     Actual      Guidance Range (1)
    ---              ------      -----------------

    Adjusted EBITDA         $410                    $400 - $440
    ---------------         ----                    -----------

    Free Cash Flow          $172                    $100 - $150
    --------------          ----                    -----------



    (1) For additional information
     on the reconciliation of Free
     Cash Flow to Cash flow provided
     by operating activities, see
     Exhibit 5 of this press
     release.  Guidance as of
     February 15, 2017.

Conference Call Information
Covanta Holding Corporation (NYSE: CVA) ("Covanta" or the "Company") will host a conference call at 8:30 AM (Eastern) on Thursday, February 16, 2017 to discuss its fourth quarter and full year results.

The conference call will begin with prepared remarks, which will be followed by a question and answer session. To participate, please dial 1-877-201-0168 approximately 10 minutes prior to the scheduled start of the call. If calling outside of the United States, please dial 1-647-788-4901. Please request the "Covanta Holding Corporation Earnings Conference Call" when prompted by the conference call operator. The conference call will also be webcast live from the Investor Relations section of the Company's website. A presentation will be made available during the call and will be found on the Investor Relations section of the Covanta website at www.covanta.com.

An archived webcast will be available two hours after the end of the conference call and can be accessed through the Investor Relations section of the Covanta website at www.covanta.com.

About Covanta
Covanta is a world leader in providing sustainable waste and energy solutions. Annually, Covanta's modern Energy-from-Waste facilities safely convert approximately 20 million tons of waste from municipalities and businesses into clean, renewable electricity to power one million homes and recycle approximately 500,000 tons of metal. Through a vast network of treatment and recycling facilities, Covanta also provides comprehensive industrial material management services to companies seeking solutions to some of today's most complex environmental challenges. For more information, visit www.covanta.com.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements in this press release may constitute "forward-looking" statements as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the "PSLRA") or in releases made by the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), all as may be amended from time to time. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Covanta Holding Corporation and its subsidiaries ("Covanta") or industry results, to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Statements that are not historical fact are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can be identified by, among other things, the use of forward-looking language, such as the words "plan," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "project," "may," "will," "would," "could," "should," "seeks," or "scheduled to," or other similar words, or the negative of these terms or other variations of these terms or comparable language, or by discussion of strategy or intentions. These cautionary statements are being made pursuant to the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the PSLRA with the intention of obtaining the benefits of the "safe harbor" provisions of such laws. Covanta cautions investors that any forward-looking statements made by Covanta are not guarantees or indicative of future performance. Important factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those forward-looking statements with respect to Covanta include, but are not limited to: fluctuations in the prices of energy, waste disposal, scrap metal and commodities; adoption of new laws and regulations in the United States and abroad; the fee structures of our contracts; difficulties in the operation of our facilities, including fuel supply and energy transfer interruptions, failure to obtain regulatory approvals, equipment failures, labor disputes and work stoppages, weather interference and catastrophic events; difficulties in the financing, development and construction of new projects and expansions, including increased construction costs and delays; limits of insurance coverage; our ability to avoid defaults under our long-term service contracts; performance of third parties under our contractual arrangements; concentration of suppliers and customers; increased competitiveness in the energy industry; changes in foreign currency exchange rates; limitations imposed by our existing indebtedness; exposure to counterparty credit risk and instability of financial institutions in connection with financing transactions; our ability to utilize our net operating losses; failures of disclosure controls and procedures; general economic conditions in the United States and abroad, including the availability of credit and debt financing and market conditions at the time our contracts expire; and other risks and uncertainties affecting our businesses described in Item 1A. Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in other filings by Covanta with the SEC.

Although Covanta believes that its plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by such forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from a projection or assumption in any of its forward-looking statements. Covanta's future financial condition and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and inherent risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are made only as of the date hereof and Covanta does not have, or undertake, any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, subsequent events or otherwise, unless otherwise required by law.




                                                                                                                                                                                                   Exhibit 1

    Covanta Holding Corporation

    Consolidated Statements of Operations


                                                                                                                Three Months Ended                           Twelve Months Ended
                                                                                                                   December 31,                                  December 31,

                                                                                                               2016                  2015                      2016                  2015
                                                                                                               ----                  ----                      ----                  ----

                                                                                                                                          (Unaudited)
                                                                                                                            (In millions, except per share amounts)

    Operating revenue

    Waste and service revenue                                                                                           $312                                           $299                $1,187            $1,104

    Energy revenue                                                                                               91                               102                                370       421

    Recycled metals revenue                                                                                      17                                12                                 61        61

    Other operating revenue                                                                                      37                                19                                 81        59
                                                                                                                ---                               ---                                ---       ---

    Total operating revenue                                                                                     457                               432                              1,699     1,645
                                                                                                                ---                               ---                              -----     -----

    Operating expense

    Plant operating expense                                                                                     276                               280                              1,177     1,129

    Other operating expense                                                                                      41                                18                                 86        73

    General and administrative expense                                                                           29                                22                                100        93

    Depreciation and amortization expense                                                                        52                                50                                207       198

    Impairment charges (a)                                                                                        1                                19                                 20        43
                                                                                                                ---                               ---                                ---       ---

    Total operating expense                                                                                     399                               389                              1,590     1,536
                                                                                                                ---                               ---                              -----     -----

    Operating income                                                                                             58                                43                                109       109
                                                                                                                ---                               ---                                ---       ---

    Other income (expense)

    Investment income                                                                                             -                                -                                 1         -

    Interest expense                                                                                           (35)                             (32)                             (139)    (134)

    Gain on asset sales (a)                                                                                       1                                 -                                44         -

    Loss on extinguishment of debt                                                                                -                                -                                 -      (2)

    Other expense, net                                                                                            -                                -                               (1)      (1)
                                                                                                                ---                              ---                               ---       ---

    Total other expense                                                                                        (34)                             (32)                              (95)    (137)
                                                                                                                ---                               ---                                ---      ----

    Income (loss) before income tax benefit (expense) and equity in net income from unconsolidated investments   24                                11                                 14      (28)

    Income tax (expense) benefit                                                                               (14)                               65                               (19)       84

    Equity in net income from unconsolidated investments                                                          1                                 2                                  4        13
                                                                                                                ---                               ---                                ---       ---

    Net Income (Loss)                                                                                            11                                78                                (1)       69

    Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries                                     -                                1                                  -        1
                                                                                                                ---                              ---                                ---      ---

    Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Covanta Holding Corporation                                                        $11                                            $77                  $(1)              $68
                                                                                                                         ===                                            ===                   ===               ===


    Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding:

    Basic                                                                                                       129                               131                                129       132
                                                                                                                ===                               ===                                ===       ===

    Diluted                                                                                                     131                               133                                129       133
                                                                                                                ===                               ===                                ===       ===


    Earnings Per Share:

    Basic                                                                                                              $0.10                                          $0.59               $(0.01)            $0.52
                                                                                                                       =====                                          =====                ======             =====

    Diluted                                                                                                            $0.08                                          $0.58               $(0.01)            $0.51
                                                                                                                       =====                                          =====                ======             =====


    Cash Dividend Declared Per Share                                                                                   $0.25                                          $0.25                 $1.00             $1.00
                                                                                                                       =====                                          =====                 =====             =====


    (a) For additional information, see Exhibit 4 of this Press Release.




                                                                                                                                                                   Exhibit 2

    Covanta Holding Corporation

    Consolidated Balance Sheets


                                                                                                                             As of December 31,

                                                                                                                           2016                     2015
                                                                                                                           ----                     ----

                                                                                                                              (Unaudited)

                                                                               ASSETS                               (In millions, except per share amounts)

    Current:

    Cash and cash equivalents                                                                                                          $84                                     $94

    Restricted funds held in trust                                                                                           56                                 77

    Receivables (less allowances of $9 million and $7 million, respectively)                                                332                                312

    Prepaid expenses and other current assets                                                                                72                                117

    Assets held for sale                                                                                                      -                                97
                                                                                                                            ---                               ---

    Total Current Assets                                                                                                    544                                697

    Property, plant and equipment, net                                                                                    3,024                              2,690

    Restricted funds held in trust                                                                                           54                                 83

    Waste, service and energy contract intangibles, net                                                                     263                                284

    Other intangible assets, net                                                                                             34                                 38

    Goodwill                                                                                                                302                                301

    Other assets                                                                                                             63                                141
                                                                                                                            ---                                ---

    Total Assets                                                                                                                    $4,284                                  $4,234
                                                                                                                                    ======                                  ======

                                                                             LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

    Current:

    Current portion of long-term debt                                                                                                   $9                                      $8

    Current portion of project debt                                                                                          22                                 16

    Accounts payable                                                                                                         98                                 90

    Accrued expenses and other current liabilities                                                                          289                                234

    Liabilities held for sale                                                                                                 -                                23
                                                                                                                            ---                               ---

    Total Current Liabilities                                                                                               418                                371

    Long-term debt                                                                                                        2,243                              2,255

    Project debt                                                                                                            361                                182

    Deferred income taxes                                                                                                   615                                595

    Waste, service and other contract intangibles, net                                                                        7                                 13

    Other liabilities                                                                                                       168                                178
                                                                                                                            ---                                ---

    Total Liabilities                                                                                                     3,812                              3,594
                                                                                                                          -----                              -----

    Equity:

    Covanta Holding Corporation stockholders' equity:

    Preferred stock ($0.10 par value; authorized 10 shares; none issued and outstanding)                                      -                                 -

    Common stock ($0.10 par value; authorized 250 shares; issued 136 shares, outstanding 130 and 131, respectively)          14                                 14

    Additional paid-in capital                                                                                              807                                801

    Accumulated other comprehensive loss                                                                                   (62)                              (34)

    Accumulated deficit                                                                                                   (286)                             (143)

    Treasury stock, at par                                                                                                  (1)                                 -
                                                                                                                            ---                                ---

    Total Covanta Holding Corporation stockholders' equity                                                                  472                                638

    Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries                                                                                  -                                 2
                                                                                                                            ---                               ---

    Total Equity                                                                                                            472                                640

    Total Liabilities and Equity                                                                                                    $4,284                                  $4,234
                                                                                                                                    ======                                  ======





                                                                                                                                Exhibit 3

    Covanta Holding Corporation

    Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow


                                                                                      Twelve Months Ended December 31,

                                                                                            2016                    2015
                                                                                            ----                    ----

                                                                                        (Unaudited, in millions)

    OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

    Net (loss) income                                                                                $(1)                                 $69

    Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

    Depreciation and amortization expense                                                    207                            198

    Impairment charges (a)                                                                    20                             43

    Gain on asset sales (a)                                                                 (44)                             -

    Loss on extinguishment of debt                                                             -                             2

    Stock-based compensation expense                                                          16                             18

    Deferred income taxes                                                                     18                           (11)

    IRS audit settlement                                                                       -                          (93)

    Other, net                                                                                 1                             17

    Change in restricted funds held in trust                                                  22                             28

    Change in working capital, net of effects of acquisitions                                 43                           (22)
                                                                                             ---                            ---

    Net cash provided by operating activities                                                282                            249
                                                                                             ---                            ---

    INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

    Proceeds from asset sales                                                                109                              -

    Purchase of property, plant and equipment                                              (359)                         (376)

    Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired                                            (9)                          (72)

    Property insurance proceeds                                                                3                              1

    Other, net                                                                                 2                            (1)
                                                                                             ---                            ---

    Net cash used in investing activities                                                  (254)                         (448)
                                                                                            ----                           ----

    FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

    Proceeds from borrowings on long-term debt                                                 -                           294

    Proceeds from borrowings on revolving credit facility                                    744                            895

    Proceeds from equipment financing capital leases                                           -                            15

    Proceeds from borrowings on project debt                                                   -                            59

    Proceeds from Dublin financing                                                           159                             86

    Payments on long-term debt                                                               (4)                         (196)

    Payments of borrowings on revolving credit facility                                    (749)                         (692)

    Payments of equipment financing capital leases                                           (4)                           (4)

    Payments on project debt                                                                (51)                          (85)

    Payments of deferred financing costs                                                     (6)                          (11)

    Cash dividends paid to stockholders                                                    (131)                         (133)

    Change in restricted funds held in trust                                                  28                              5

    Common stock repurchased                                                                (20)                          (30)

    Other, net                                                                               (6)                             5
                                                                                             ---                            ---

    Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities                                     (40)                           208
                                                                                             ---                            ---

    Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents                               -                           (4)
                                                                                             ---                           ---

    Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents                                    (12)                             5

    Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period                                          96                             91
                                                                                             ---                            ---

    Cash and cash equivalents at end of period                                                84                             96

    Less: Cash and cash equivalents of assets held for sale at end of period                   -                             2

    Cash and cash equivalents of continuing operations at end of period                               $84                                  $94
                                                                                                      ===                                  ===


    (a) For additional information, see Exhibit 4 of this Press Release




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exhibit 4

    Covanta Holding Corporation

    Consolidated Reconciliation of Net Income and Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities to Adjusted EBITDA


                                                                                                                                                                                                Three Months Ended                       Twelve Months Ended
                                                                                                                                                                                                   December 31,                              December 31,

                                                                                                                                                                                               2016                    2015                2016                  2015
                                                                                                                                                                                               ----                    ----                ----                  ----

                                                                                                                                                                                                                (Unaudited, in millions)

    Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Covanta Holding Corporation                                                                                                                                         $11                                        $77                               $(1)                               $68

    Depreciation and amortization expense                                                                                                                                                        52                                   50                         207                     198

    Interest expense, net                                                                                                                                                                        35                                   32                         138                     134

    Income tax expense (benefit)                                                                                                                                                                 14                                 (65)                         19                    (84)

    Impairment charges (a)                                                                                                                                                                        1                                   19                          20                      43

    Gain on asset sales (b)                                                                                                                                                                     (1)                                   -                       (44)                      -

    Loss on extinguishment of debt                                                                                                                                                                -                                   -                          -                      2

    Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries                                                                                                                           -                                   1                           -                      1

    Other adjustments:

    Capital type expenditures at service fee operated facilities (c)                                                                                                                             10                                    6                          39                      31

    Debt service billings in excess of revenue recognized                                                                                                                                         1                                    -                          4                       1

    Severance and reorganization costs                                                                                                                                                            -                                   1                           3                       4

    Non-cash compensation expense (d)                                                                                                                                                             3                                    3                          16                      18

    Other non-cash items                                                                                                                                                                          1                                    -                          6                       6

    Other (e)                                                                                                                                                                                     1                                    3                           3                       6
                                                                                                                                                                                                ---                                  ---                         ---                     ---

    Adjusted EBITDA                                                                                                                                                                                      $128                                       $127                               $410                               $428
                                                                                                                                                                                                         ====                                       ====                               ====                               ====

    Cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest                                                                                                                                        (44)                                (48)                      (135)                  (131)

    Cash paid for taxes, net                                                                                                                                                                      1                                    4                         (6)                    (2)

    Capital type expenditures at service fee operated facilities (c)                                                                                                                           (10)                                 (6)                       (39)                   (31)

    Adjustment for working capital and other                                                                                                                                                     61                                   18                          52                    (15)
                                                                                                                                                                                                ---                                  ---                         ---                     ---

    Net cash provided by operating activities                                                                                                                                                            $136                                        $95                               $282                               $249
                                                                                                                                                                                                         ====                                        ===                               ====                               ====


    (a)    During the twelve months ended December 31, 2016, we recorded non-cash impairment charges totaling $20 million, of which $13 million
             related to the planned closure of our Pittsfield EfW facility in March 2017 which is now expected to continue operating and $3 million related to an investment in a joint venture to
             recover and recycle metals.
             During the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2015, we recorded non-cash impairments of our biomass facility assets of
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      $19 million and $43 million respectively.

    (b)    During the twelve months ended December 31, 2016, we recorded a $41 million gain on the sale of our interests in China.

    (c)    Adjustment for impact of adoption of FASB ASC 853 - Service Concession Arrangements.  These types of expenditures at our service
             fee operated facilities were historically capitalized prior to adoption of this new accounting standard effective January 1, 2015.

    (d)    The twelve months ended December 31, 2015 includes $4 million of costs incurred in connection with separation agreements related to
             the departure of two executive officers.

    (e)    Includes certain other items that are added back under the definition of Adjusted EBITDA in Covanta Energy, LLC's credit agreement.




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Exhibit 5

    Covanta Holding Corporation

    Reconciliation of Cash Flow Provided by Operating Activities to Free Cash Flow


                                                                                                                                  Three Months Ended                           Twelve Months Ended                  Full  Year
                                                                                                                                     December 31,                                 December 31,                    Estimated 2017


                                                                                                                                 2016                  2015                     2016                   2015
                                                                                                                                 ----                  ----                     ----                   ----

                                                                                                                                                (Unaudited, in millions)

    Cash flow provided by operating activities                                                                                            $136                                            $95                        $282             $249                    $210 - $270

    Less: Maintenance capital expenditures (a)                                                                                   (28)                             (31)                             (110)          (102)                     (110) - (120)
                                                                                                                                  ---                               ---                               ----            ----                       ------------

    Free Cash Flow                                                                                                                        $108                                            $64                        $172             $147                    $100 - $150
                                                                                                                                          ====                                            ===                        ====             ====                    ===========


    Uses of Free Cash Flow
    ----------------------

    Investments:

    Growth investments (b)                                                                                                               $(44)                                         $(80)                     $(253)          $(346)

    Other investing activities, net                                                                                               (4)                                -                                 4               -
                                                                                                                                  ---                               ---                               ---             ---

    Total investments                                                                                                                    $(48)                                         $(80)                     $(249)          $(346)
                                                                                                                                          ----                                           ----                       -----            -----


    Return of capital to stockholders:

    Cash dividends paid to stockholders                                                                                                  $(33)                                         $(33)                     $(131)          $(133)

    Common stock repurchased                                                                                                        -                             (30)                              (20)           (30)

    Total return of capital to stockholders                                                                                              $(33)                                         $(63)                     $(151)          $(163)
                                                                                                                                          ----                                           ----                       -----            -----


    Capital raising activities:

    Net proceeds from issuance of corporate debt (c)                                                                                $        -                                   $         -                  $       -             $98

    Net proceeds from issuance of project debt (d)                                                                                  -                                -                                 -             15

    Proceeds from Dublin financing                                                                                                 20                                 -                               159              85

    Proceeds from equipment financing capital leases (e)                                                                            -                                -                                 -             15

    Change in restricted funds held in trust                                                                                       12                                64                                 29               -

    Other financing activities, net                                                                                               (6)                                5                                (6)              5

    Deferred financing costs                                                                                                      (1)                              (2)                               (6)            (7)

    Proceeds from sale of China assets                                                                                              -                                -                               105               -

    Net proceeds from capital raising activities                                                                                           $25                                            $67                        $281             $211
                                                                                                                                           ---                                            ---                        ----             ----


    Debt repayments:

    Net cash used for scheduled principal payments on corporate debt                                                                      $(2)                                   $         -                       $(4)            $(1)

    Net cash used for principal payments on project debt (f)                                                                     (37)                             (19)                              (52)           (38)

    Payments of equipment financing capital leases (e)                                                                            (1)                              (1)                               (4)            (4)
                                                                                                                                  ---                               ---                                ---             ---

    Total debt repayments                                                                                                                $(40)                                         $(20)                      $(60)           $(43)
                                                                                                                                          ----                                           ----                        ----             ----

    Borrowing activities - Revolving credit facility, net                                                                                $(40)                                           $57                        $(5)            $203

    Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents                                                                          $(1)                                   $         -                  $       -            $(4)
                                                                                                                                           ---                                  ---       ---                ---     ---             ---

    Net change in cash and cash equivalents                                                                                              $(29)                                           $25                       $(12)              $5
                                                                                                                                          ====                                            ===                        ====              ===





    (a)  Purchases of property, plant and equipment are also referred to as capital expenditures.  Capital expenditures
           that primarily maintain existing facilities are classified as maintenance capital expenditures.  The following table
           provides the components of total purchases of property, plant and equipment:


                                                                                                                                Three Months Ended                       Twelve Months Ended
                                                                                                                                   December 31,                             December 31,

                                                                                                                                 2016                  2015                     2016                   2015
                                                                                                                                 ----                  ----                     ----                   ----

    Maintenance capital expenditures                                                                                                     $(28)                                         $(31)                     $(110)          $(102)
                                                                                                                                          ----                                           ----                       -----            -----

    Capital expenditures associated with construction of Dublin EfW facility                                                     (30)                             (61)                             (162)          (184)

    Capital expenditures associated with organic growth initiatives                                                               (8)                              (7)                              (46)           (34)

    Capital expenditures associated with the New York City MTS contract                                                             -                              (2)                               (3)           (30)

    Capital expenditures associated with Essex County EfW emissions control system                                                (6)                              (8)                              (33)           (26)
                                                                                                                                  ---                               ---                                ---             ---

    Total capital expenditures associated with growth investments                                                                (44)                             (78)                             (244)          (274)

    Capital expenditures associated with property insurance events                                                                (5)                                -                               (5)              -
                                                                                                                                  ---                               ---                               ---             ---

    Total purchases of property, plant and equipment                                                                                     $(77)                                        $(109)                     $(359)          $(376)
                                                                                                                                          ====                                          =====                       =====            =====


    (b)  Growth investments include investments in growth opportunities, including organic growth initiatives,
           technology, business development, and other similar expenditures


    Capital expenditures associated with growth investments                                                                              $(44)                                         $(78)                     $(244)          $(274)

    Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired                                                                                   -                              (2)                               (9)           (72)
                                                                                                                                  ---                              ---                                ---             ---

    Total growth investments                                                                                                             $(44)                                         $(80)                     $(253)          $(346)
                                                                                                                                          ====                                           ====                       =====            =====


    (c)  Excludes borrowings under Revolving Credit Facility. Calculated as follows:

    Proceeds from borrowings on long-term debt                                                                                      $        -                                   $         -                  $       -            $294

    Refinanced long-term debt                                                                                                       -                                -                                 -          (195)

    Less: Financing costs related to issuance of long-term debt                                                                     -                                -                                 -            (1)
                                                                                                                                  ---                              ---                               ---            ---

    Net proceeds from issuance of corporate debt                                                                                    $        -                                   $         -                  $       -             $98
                                                                                                                                  ===      ===                                 ===       ===                ===     ===             ===


    (d) Calculated as follows:

    Proceeds from borrowings on project debt                                                                                        $        -                                   $         -                  $       -             $59

    Refinanced project debt                                                                                                         -                                -                                 -           (42)

    Less: Financing costs related to the issuance of project debt                                                                   -                                -                                 -            (2)
                                                                                                                                  ---                              ---                               ---            ---

    Net proceeds from issuance of project debt                                                                                      $        -                                   $         -                  $       -             $15
                                                                                                                                  ===      ===                                 ===       ===                ===     ===             ===


    (e)  During the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, we financed $15 million for transportation equipment
           related to our contract with New York City


    (f)  Calculated as follows:

    Total principal payments on project debt                                                                                             $(34)                                         $(22)                      $(51)           $(43)

    Change in related restricted funds held in trust                                                                              (3)                                3                                (1)              5
                                                                                                                                  ---                               ---                                ---             ---

    Net cash used for principal payments on project debt                                                                                 $(37)                                         $(19)                      $(52)           $(38)
                                                                                                                                          ====                                           ====                        ====             ====





                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exhibit 6

    Covanta Holding Corporation

    Reconciliation of Diluted Earnings Per Share to Adjusted EPS


                                                                                                                                             Three Months Ended                            Twelve Months Ended
                                                                                                                                                December 31,                                  December 31,

                                                                                                                                            2016                  2015                      2016                   2015
                                                                                                                                            ----                  ----                      ----                   ----

                                                                                                                                                                  (Unaudited)

    Diluted Earnings Per Share                                                                                                                      $0.08                                           $0.58                 $(0.01)                           $0.51

    Reconciling Items (a)                                                                                                                      -                           (0.55)                             (0.14)     (0.44)
                                                                                                                                             ---                            -----                               -----       -----

    Adjusted EPS                                                                                                                                    $0.08                                           $0.03                 $(0.15)                           $0.07
                                                                                                                                                    =====                                           =====                  ======                            =====


    (a) For details related to the Reconciling Items, see Exhibit 6A of this Press Release.



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Exhibit 6A

    Covanta Holding Corporation

    Reconciling Items


                                                                                                                                           Three Months Ended                        Twelve Months Ended
                                                                                                                                              December 31,                              December 31,

                                                                                                                                            2016                  2015                      2016                   2015
                                                                                                                                            ----                  ----                      ----                   ----

                                                                                                                                                                  (Unaudited)
                                                                                                                                                    (In millions, except per share amounts)

    Reconciling Items
    -----------------

    Impairment charges (a)                                                                                                                             $1                                             $19                     $20                              $43

    Gain on asset sales (a)                                                                                                                  (1)                                -                               (44)          -

    Severance and reorganization costs (b)                                                                                                     -                                -                                  2           7

    Loss on extinguishment of debt                                                                                                             -                                -                                  -          2

    Effect on income of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments                                                           -                              (3)                                  2         (6)

    Effect of foreign exchange loss on indebtedness                                                                                            -                                1                                 (1)          3

    Other                                                                                                                                      -                                1                                   -          1
                                                                                                                                             ---                              ---                                 ---        ---

    Total Reconciling Items, pre-tax                                                                                                           -                               18                                (21)         50

    Pro forma income tax impact (c)                                                                                                            -                              (2)                                  2        (20)

    Impact of IRS audit settlement                                                                                                             -                             (93)                                  -       (93)

    Tax liability related to expected gain on sale of China assets                                                                             -                                4                                   -          4

    Grantor trust activity                                                                                                                     -                              (1)                                  1           -
                                                                                                                                             ---                              ---                                 ---         ---

    Total Reconciling Items, net of tax                                                                                                        $        -                                          $(74)                  $(18)                           $(59)
                                                                                                                                             ===      ===                                           ====                    ====                             ====

    Diluted Earnings Per Share Impact                                                                                                          $        -                                        $(0.55)                $(0.14)                         $(0.44)
                                                                                                                                             ===      ===                                         ======                  ======                           ======

    Weighted Average Diluted Shares Outstanding                                                                                              131                               133                                 129         133
                                                                                                                                             ===                               ===                                 ===         ===


    (a) For additional information, see Exhibit 4 of this Press Release.

    (b) The twelve months ended December 31, 2015, includes $6 million of costs incurred in connection with separation
          agreements related to the departure of two executive officers, of which $4 million related to non-cash compensation.

    (c) We calculate the federal and state tax impact of each item using the statutory federal tax rate and applicable blended state rate.


    Covanta Holding Corporation                                                                                                           Exhibit 7

    Supplemental Information

    (Unaudited, $ in millions)

                                                                                                                 Twelve Months Ended December 31,

                                                                                                                      2016                     2015
                                                                                                                      ----                     ----

    Revenue:

    Waste and service: (a)

    EfW waste processing                                                                                                         $962                       $929

    Environmental services(b)                                                                                           99                             56

    Municipal services (c)                                                                                             186                            159

    Other revenue (d)                                                                                                   36                             38

    Intercompany (e)                                                                                                  (96)                          (78)
                                                                                                                       ---                            ---

    Total waste and service                                                                                          1,187                          1,104

    Energy:

    EfW energy sales                                                                                                   321                            308

    EfW capacity                                                                                                        40                             38

    Other revenue (f)                                                                                                    9                             75
                                                                                                                       ---                            ---

    Total energy revenue                                                                                               370                            421

    Recycled metals:

    Ferrous                                                                                                             38                             38

    Non-ferrous                                                                                                         23                             23
                                                                                                                       ---                            ---

    Total recycled metals                                                                                               61                             61

    Other revenue                                                                                                       81                             59
                                                                                                                       ---                            ---

    Total revenue                                                                                                              $1,699                     $1,645
                                                                                                                               ------                     ------


    Operating expense:

    Plant operating expense:

    Plant maintenance                                                                                                            $279                       $270

    Other plant operating expense                                                                                      898                            859
                                                                                                                       ---                            ---

    Total plant operating expense                                                                                    1,177                          1,129

    Other operating expense                                                                                             86                             73

    General and administrative                                                                                         100                             93

    Depreciation and amortization                                                                                      207                            198

    Impairment charges                                                                                                  20                             43

    Total operating expense                                                                                                    $1,590                     $1,536
                                                                                                                               ------                     ------


    Operating Income                                                                                                             $109                       $109
                                                                                                                                 ====                       ====


    Operating Income excluding Impairment charges:                                                                               $129                       $152
                                                                                                                                 ====                       ====


    (a) For Waste and service revenue detail by quarter for 2016 and 2015, see Exhibit 10 of this Press Release.

    (b) Includes the operation of material processing facilities and related services.

    (c) Consists of transfer stations and transportation component of NYC MTS contract.

    (d) Includes waste brokerage, debt service and other revenue unrelated to EfW waste processing.

    (e) Consists of elimination of intercompany transactions primarily relating to transfer stations.

    (f) Includes biomass and China operations.

    Note: Certain amounts may not total due to rounding.


    Covanta Holding Corporation                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Exhibit 8

    Revenue and Operating Income Changes - FY 2015 to FY 2016

    (Unaudited, $ in millions)


                                                                                                                                                 Organic Growth (a)                                                          Contract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Transitions (b)

                                                                                     FY 2015                Price                      %                 Volume                   %                    Total          %                   Waste           PPA            Trans-             Total          FY 2016
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     actions (c)         Changes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ---

    Waste and service:

    EfW waste processing                                                                           $929                                           $24                              2.5%                                  $2                          0.2%                              $26                        2.8%                       $(2)                         $     -                 $10               $33 $962

    Environmental services                                                                 56                                                                                                                     12                                             -                      -                         30                   43                         99

    Municipal services                                                                    159                                                                                                                      6                                             -                      -                         20                   27                        186

    Other revenue                                                                          38                                                                                                                      4                                           (3)                      -                        (2)                 (2)                        36

    Intercompany                                                                         (78)                                                                                                                  (12)                                            -                      -                        (6)                (18)                      (96)



    Total waste and service                                                             1,104                                                                                                                     35                           3.2%                (5)                              -                    52                   83                      1,187

    Energy:

    EfW energy sales                                                                      308                                  -                                -   %                           (5)                  -1.6%                          (5)                       -1.6%                    24                    (4)                      (1)                    13               321


    EfW capacity                                                                           38                                                                                                                      1                           3.7%                  2                             (1)                     -                   2                         40

    Other revenue                                                                          75                                                                                                                    (1)                                            -                      -                       (65)                (66)                         9
                                                                                          ---                                                                                                                    ---                                           ---                    ---                        ---                  ---                        ---

    Total energy revenue                                                                  421                                                                                                                    (5)                         -1.2%                 26                             (6)                  (66)                (51)                       370

    Recycled metals:

    Ferrous                                                                                38                                (1)                            -2.8%                                 1                    1.5%                            -                       -1.2%                     1                      -                        -                     -               38

    Non-ferrous                                                                            23                                (3)                           -12.4%                                 3                   11.0%                            -                       -1.5%                     -                     -                        -                     -               23
                                                                                          ---                                ---                                                                 ---                                                  ---                                               ---                   ---                      ---                   ---              ---

    Total recycled metals                                                                  61                                (4)                            -6.4%                                 3                    5.1%                          (1)                       -1.3%                     1                      -                        -                     -               61

    Other revenue                                                                          59                                                                                                                     21                          36.0%                  -                              -                     1                   22                         81
                                                                                          ---                                                                                                                    ---                                               ---                            ---                   ---                  ---                        ---

    Total revenue                                                                                $1,645                                                                                                                            $51                        3.1%                                $22                        $(6)                             $(13)                       $54         $1,699

    Operating expense:

    Plant operating expense:

    Plant maintenance                                                                              $270                                                                                                                            $17                        6.2%                      $           -                     $    -                              $(8)                        $9                   $279

    Other plant operating expense                                                         859                                                                                                                     49                           5.7%                  4                               -                  (14)                  39                        898
                                                                                          ---                                                                                                                    ---                                               ---                             ---                   ---                  ---                        ---

    Total plant operating expense                                                       1,129                                                                                                                     66                           5.8%                  4                               -                  (22)                  48                      1,177

    Other operating expense                                                                73                                                                                                                     14                                             -                      -                        (1)                  13                         86

    General and administrative                                                             93                                                                                                                      9                                             -                      -                        (2)                   7                        100

    Depreciation and amortization                                                         198                                                                                                                      3                                             3                       -                          2                    9                        207
                                                                                          ---                                                                                                                    ---                                           ---                     ---                        ---                  ---                        ---

    Total operating expense                                                                      $1,493                                                                                                                            $92                                                 $7                           $      -                         $(22)                          $77               $1,570
                                                                                                 ------                                                                                                                            ---                                                ---                         ---    ---                          ----                           ---               ------

    Operating Income (Loss)                                                                        $152                                                                                                                          $(41)                                               $15                               $(6)                            $9                         $(23)                $129
                                                                                                   ====                                                                                                                           ====                                                ===                                ===                            ===                          ====                 ====


    (a) Reflects performance on a comparable period-over-period basis, excluding the impacts of transitions and transactions.

    (b) Includes the impact of the expiration of: (1) long-term major waste and service contracts, most typically representing the transition to a new contract structure, and (2) long-term energy contracts.

    (c) Includes the impacts of acquisitions, divestitures, new projects and the addition or loss of operating contracts.


    Note: Excludes impairment charges.  Certain amounts may not total due to rounding.


    North America                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Exhibit 9

    Operating Metrics (Unaudited) - Summary of 2015 and 2016 by Quarter


                                                                                                            Three Months Ended                                                            Twelve                                                       Three Months Ended                                                Twelve
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Months
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Ended
                                                                                                                                                                                        Months
                                                                                                                                                                                        Ended
                                                                                                                                                                                        -----

                                                                                   Mar. 31,                       June 30,                                Sept. 30,                          Dec. 31,                      Dec. 31,                              Mar. 31,                         June 30,                    Sept. 30,          Dec. 31,              Dec. 31,

                                                                                               2015                     2015                                     2015                                       2015                    2015                                  2016                                      2016                   2016   2016            2016
                                                                                               ----                     ----                                     ----                                       ----                    ----                                  ----                                      ----                   ----   ----            ----

    EfW Waste
    ---------

    Tons:  (in millions)

    Contracted                                                                                  3.9                      4.4                                      4.4                                        4.5                    17.2                                   4.1                                       4.4                    4.6               4.3                       17.4

    Uncontracted                                                                                0.7                      0.5                                      0.5                                        0.5                     2.2                                   0.6                                       0.5                    0.5               0.6                        2.2
                                                                                                ---                      ---                                      ---                                        ---                     ---                                   ---                                       ---                    ---               ---                        ---

    Total tons                                                                                  4.6                      4.9                                      4.9                                        5.0                    19.4                                   4.6                                       4.9                    5.1               4.9                       19.5

    Revenue per ton:

    Contracted                                                                               $46.65                   $44.72                                   $44.57                                     $46.56                  $45.60                                $46.75                                    $45.87                 $44.21            $49.24                     $46.48

    Uncontracted                                                                             $56.20                   $70.10                                   $69.21                                     $69.29                  $65.26                                $64.61                                    $74.94                 $76.76            $71.41                     $71.63

    Average revenue per ton                                                                  $48.11                   $47.29                                   $47.01                                     $48.91                  $47.83                                $48.97                                    $48.71                 $47.45            $51.94                     $49.26


    EfW Energy
    ----------

    Energy sales: (MWh in millions)

    Contracted                                                                                  0.7                      0.8                                      0.8                                        0.8                     3.0                                   0.7                                       0.9                    0.8               0.7                        3.1

    Hedged                                                                                      0.4                      0.3                                      0.3                                        0.3                     1.4                                   0.4                                       0.4                    0.5               0.6                        1.9

    Market                                                                                      0.3                      0.4                                      0.4                                        0.4                     1.4                                   0.2                                       0.2                    0.2               0.3                        1.0
                                                                                                ---                      ---                                      ---                                        ---                     ---                                   ---                                       ---                    ---               ---                        ---

    Total energy sales                                                                          1.4                      1.4                                      1.5                                        1.5                     5.8                                   1.4                                       1.5                    1.5               1.6                        6.1


    Market sales by geography:

    PJM East                                                                                      -                     0.1                                      0.1                                        0.2                     0.5                                   0.1                                       0.1                    0.1               0.1                        0.3

    NEPOOL                                                                                      0.1                      0.1                                      0.1                                        0.1                     0.3                                     -                                      0.1                    0.1               0.1                        0.2

    NYISO                                                                                         -                       -                                       -                                         -                    0.1                                     -                                        -                     -                -                        0.1

    Other                                                                                       0.1                      0.1                                      0.1                                        0.1                     0.4                                   0.1                                       0.1                    0.1               0.1                        0.4


    Revenue per MWh (excludes capacity):

    Contracted                                                                               $67.21                   $63.69                                   $63.69                                     $67.70                  $65.56                                $67.65                                    $62.06                 $65.82            $69.23                     $65.98

    Hedged                                                                                   $53.20                   $42.07                                   $44.05                                     $42.75                  $45.64                                $62.64                                    $37.19                 $37.98            $36.64                     $42.77

    Market                                                                                   $47.12                   $31.43                                   $30.86                                     $27.07                  $33.18                                $27.91                                    $26.02                 $37.32            $34.44                     $31.35

    Average revenue per MWh                                                                  $59.54                   $50.81                                   $50.78                                     $52.09                  $53.17                                $59.30                                    $49.25                 $52.63            $50.33                     $52.70


    Metals
    ------

    Tons Recovered: (in thousands)

    Ferrous                                                                                      74                       87                                       93                                         99                     353                                    95                                       102                    101               103                        401

    Non-ferrous                                                                                   7                        8                                        9                                          8                      32                                     8                                         9                     10                 9                         36


    Tons Sold: (in thousands)

    Ferrous                                                                                      76                       85                                       90                                         79                     330                                    86                                        77                     72               110                        345

    Non-ferrous                                                                                   7                        8                                        9                                          8                      32                                     8                                         9                     10                 9                         36


    Revenue per ton:

    Ferrous                                                                                    $139                     $127                                     $113                                        $86                    $116                                   $91                                      $138                   $117              $105                       $111

    Non-ferrous                                                                                $799                     $741                                     $716                                       $639                    $721                                  $624                                      $650                   $581              $675                       $632


    EfW plant operating expense ($ in millions):
    --------------------------------------------

    Plant operating expense - gross                                                                      $246                                                   $248                                                 $211                                               $224                                              $929                            $257                               $255 $217 $225 $953

    Less: Client pass-through costs                                                            (12)                    (11)                                    (14)                                      (16)                   (53)                                 (10)                                      (9)                   (9)             (13)                       (41)

    Less: REC sales - contra-expense                                                            (1)                     (1)                                     (3)                                       (3)                    (8)                                  (3)                                      (1)                   (2)              (3)                        (9)
                                                                                                ---                      ---                                      ---                                        ---                     ---                                   ---                                       ---                    ---               ---                        ---

    Plant operating expense - reported                                                                   $233                                                   $236                                                 $194                                               $205                                              $868                            $244                               $245 $205 $210 $904

    Client pass-throughs as % of gross costs                                                   4.9%                    4.4%                                    6.5%                                      7.3%                   5.7%                                 3.8%                                     3.6%                  4.3%             5.6%                       4.3%


    Note: Waste volume includes solid tons only.  Metals and energy volume are presented net of client revenue sharing.  Steam sales are converted to MWh equivalent at an assumed average rate of 11 klbs of steam / MWh. Uncontracted energy sales include sales under PPAs that are based on market prices.


    Note: Certain amounts may not total due to rounding.


    Covanta Holding Corporation                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Exhibit 10

    Waste and Service Revenue

    (Unaudited, $ in millions)

                                                                                                                                                   Three Months Ended

                                                                                    Mar. 31,             June 30,              Sept. 30,         Dec. 31,             Mar. 31,             June 30,      Sept. 30,           Dec. 31,

                                                                                         2016                  2016                    2016              2016                  2015                 2015            2015              2015
                                                                                         ----                  ----                    ----              ----                  ----                 ----            ----              ----


    EfW waste processing                                                                          $227                                      $238                                      $241                               $256                      $223                         $231   $230 $244

    Environmental services                                                                 21                               25                            26                             26                          5                          11           19                     22

    Municipal services (a)                                                                 43                               49                            48                             46                         25                          42           46                     47

    Other revenue (b)                                                                       8                                9                             9                              9                          8                          11            9                      9

    Intercompany (c)                                                                     (21)                            (24)                         (26)                          (25)                       (15)                        (18)         (21)               (23)


    Total waste and service revenue                                                               $279                                      $297                                      $299                               $312                      $246                         $276   $283 $299
                                                                                                  ====                                      ====                                      ====                               ====                      ====                         ====   ==== ====


    (a) Consists of transfer stations and transportation component of NYC MTS contract.

    (b) Includes landfill, waste brokerage, debt service and other EfW revenue not directly related to waste processing.

    (c) Consists of elimination of intercompany transactions primarily relating to transfer stations.

    Note: Certain amounts may not total due to rounding.

Discussion of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We use a number of different financial measures, both United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and non-GAAP, in assessing the overall performance of our business. To supplement our assessment of results prepared in accordance with GAAP, we use the measures of Adjusted EBITDA, Free Cash Flow, and Adjusted EPS, which are non-GAAP measures as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The non-GAAP financial measures of Adjusted EBITDA, Free Cash Flow, and Adjusted EPS as described below, and used in the tables above, are not intended as a substitute or as an alternative to net income, cash flow provided by operating activities or diluted earnings per share as indicators of our performance or liquidity or any other measures of performance or liquidity derived in accordance with GAAP. In addition, our non-GAAP financial measures may be different from non-GAAP measures used by other companies, limiting their usefulness for comparison purposes.

The presentations of Adjusted EBITDA, Free Cash Flow and Adjusted EPS are intended to enhance the usefulness of our financial information by providing measures which management internally use to assess and evaluate the overall performance of its business and those of possible acquisition candidates, and highlight trends in the overall business.

Adjusted EBITDA

We use Adjusted EBITDA to provide further information that is useful to an understanding of the financial covenants contained in the credit facilities as of December 31, 2016 of our most significant subsidiary, Covanta Energy, LLC, ("Covanta Energy"), through which we conduct our core waste and energy services business, and as additional ways of viewing aspects of its operations that, when viewed with the GAAP results and the accompanying reconciliations to corresponding GAAP financial measures, provide a more complete understanding of our core business. The calculation of Adjusted EBITDA is based on the definition in Covanta Energy's credit facilities as of December 31, 2016, which we have guaranteed. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, as adjusted for additional items subtracted from or added to net income. Because our business is substantially comprised of that of Covanta Energy, our financial performance is substantially similar to that of Covanta Energy. For this reason, and in order to avoid use of multiple financial measures which are not all from the same entity, the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA and other financial measures presented herein are ours, measured on a consolidated basis.

Under the credit facilities as of December 31, 2016, Covanta Energy is required to satisfy certain financial covenants, including certain ratios of which Adjusted EBITDA is an important component. Compliance with such financial covenants is expected to be the principal limiting factor which will affect our ability to engage in a broad range of activities in furtherance of our business, including making certain investments, acquiring businesses and incurring additional debt. Covanta Energy was in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2016. Failure to comply with such financial covenants could result in a default under these credit facilities, which default would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and liquidity.

These financial covenants are measured on a trailing four quarter period basis and the material covenants are as follows:


    --  maximum Covanta Energy leverage ratio of 4.00 to 1.00, which measures
        Covanta Energy's Consolidated Adjusted Debt (which is the principal
        amount of its consolidated debt less certain restricted funds dedicated
        to repayment of project debt principal and construction costs) to its
        Adjusted EBITDA (which for purposes of calculating the leverage ratio
        and interest coverage ratio, is adjusted on a pro forma basis for
        acquisitions and dispositions made during the relevant period); and
    --  minimum Covanta Energy interest coverage ratio of 3.00 to 1.00, which
        measures Covanta Energy's Adjusted EBITDA to its consolidated interest
        expense plus certain interest expense of ours, to the extent paid by
        Covanta Energy.

In order to provide a meaningful basis for comparison, we are providing information with respect to our Adjusted EBITDA for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, reconciled for each such period to net income and cash flow provided by operating activities, which are believed to be the most directly comparable measures under GAAP.

Our projected full year 2016 Adjusted EBITDA is not based on GAAP net income/loss and is anticipated to be adjusted to exclude the effects of events or circumstances in 2016 that are not representative or indicative of our results of operations. Projected GAAP net income/loss for the full year would require inclusion of the projected impact of future excluded items, including items that are not currently determinable, but may be significant, such as asset impairments and one-time items, charges, gains or losses from divestitures, or other items. Due to the uncertainty of the likelihood, amount and timing of any such items, we do not have information available to provide a quantitative reconciliation of full year 2016 projected net income/loss to an Adjusted EBITDA projection.

Free Cash Flow

Free Cash Flow is defined as cash flow provided by operating activities, less maintenance capital expenditures, which are capital expenditures primarily to maintain our existing facilities. We use the non-GAAP measure of Free Cash Flow as a criterion of liquidity and performance-based components of employee compensation. We use Free Cash Flow as a measure of liquidity to determine amounts we can reinvest in our core businesses, such as amounts available to make acquisitions, invest in construction of new projects, make principal payments on debt, or amounts we can return to our stockholders through dividends and/or stock repurchases.

In order to provide a meaningful basis for comparison, we are providing information with respect to our Free Cash Flow for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, reconciled for each such period to cash flow provided by operating activities, which we believe to be the most directly comparable measure under GAAP.

Adjusted EPS

Adjusted EPS excludes certain income and expense items that are not representative of our ongoing business and operations, which are included in the calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share in accordance with GAAP. The following items are not all-inclusive, but are examples of reconciling items in prior comparative and future periods. They would include impairment charges, the effect of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments, significant gains or losses from the disposition or restructuring of businesses, gains and losses on assets held for sale, transaction-related costs, income and loss on the extinguishment of debt and other significant items that would not be representative of our ongoing business.

We will use the non-GAAP measure of Adjusted EPS to enhance the usefulness of our financial information by providing a measure which management internally uses to assess and evaluate the overall performance and highlight trends in the ongoing business.

In order to provide a meaningful basis for comparison, we are providing information with respect to our Adjusted EPS for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, reconciled for each such period to diluted income per share, which is believed to be the most directly comparable measure under GAAP.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements in this press release constitute "forward-looking" statements as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the "PSLRA") or in releases made by the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), all as may be amended from time to time. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Covanta Holding Corporation and its subsidiaries ("Covanta") or industry results, to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Statements that are not historical fact are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can be identified by, among other things, the use of forward-looking language, such as the words "plan," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "project," "may," "will," "would," "could," "should," "seeks," or "scheduled to," or other similar words, or the negative of these terms or other variations of these terms or comparable language, or by discussion of strategy or intentions. These cautionary statements are being made pursuant to the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the PSLRA with the intention of obtaining the benefits of the "safe harbor" provisions of such laws. Covanta cautions investors that any forward-looking statements made by us are not guarantees or indicative of future performance. Important factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:


    --  seasonal or long-term fluctuations in the prices of energy, waste
        disposal, scrap metal and commodities, and our ability to renew or
        replace expiring contracts at comparable pricing;
    --  adoption of new laws and regulations in the United States and abroad,
        including energy laws, environmental laws, labor laws and healthcare
        laws;
    --  our ability to avoid adverse publicity relating to our business
        expansion efforts;
    --  advances in technology;
    --  difficulties in the operation of our facilities, including fuel supply
        and energy delivery interruptions, failure to obtain regulatory
        approvals, equipment failures, labor disputes and work stoppages, and
        weather interference and catastrophic events;
    --  failure to maintain historical performance levels at our facilities and
        our ability to retain the rights to operate facilities we do not own;
    --  difficulties in the financing, development and construction of new
        projects and expansions, including increased construction costs and
        delays;
    --  our ability to realize the benefits of long-term business development
        and bear the costs of business development over time;
    --  our ability to utilize net operating loss carryforwards;
    --  limits of insurance coverage;
    --  our ability to avoid defaults under our long-term contracts;
    --  performance of third parties under our contracts and such third parties'
        observance of laws and regulations;
    --  concentration of suppliers and customers;
    --  geographic concentration of facilities;
    --  increased competitiveness in the energy and waste industries;
    --  changes in foreign currency exchange rates;
    --  limitations imposed by our existing indebtedness and our ability to
        perform our financial obligations and guarantees and to refinance our
        existing indebtedness;
    --  exposure to counterparty credit risk and instability of financial
        institutions in connection with financing transactions;
    --  the scalability of our business;
    --  restrictions in our certificate of incorporation and debt documents
        regarding strategic alternatives;
    --  failures of disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls
        over financial reporting;
    --  our ability to attract and retain talented people;
    --  general economic conditions in the United States and abroad, including
        the availability of credit and debt financing; and
    --  other risks and uncertainties affecting our businesses described in Item
        1A. Risk Factors of Covanta's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
        ended December 31, 2015 and in other filings by Covanta with the SEC.

Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by such forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from a projection or assumption in any of our forward-looking statements. Our future financial condition and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and inherent risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are made only as of the date hereof and we do not have, or undertake, any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, subsequent events or otherwise, unless otherwise required by law.

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SOURCE Covanta Holding Corporation