Groupon, Inc. (NASDAQ: GRPN) today announced financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.

"We're off to a solid start in 2018, highlighted by strong bottom line growth and continued execution against our strategy and key priorities. More than a million new customers enrolled in our voucherless Groupon+ program during the quarter and are beginning to experience the next generation of Groupon," said CEO Rich Williams. "In addition, we signed a number of new partnerships that connect more high quality local offers with our customer scale and solidify our position as a true platform in local. We're also excited about the strong momentum in our international business, thanks to significant progress on our product, supply and marketing initiatives."

First Quarter 2018 Summary

North America

  • During the quarter we continued to make progress on our customer experience and platform initiatives in North America. We recently announced several partnerships that further strengthen the inventory available on the Groupon platform. Additionally, we launched American Express to bolster our card linked offers platform and offer more choice to customers as we scale our voucherless experiences. We now have over 4.2 million cards linked in Groupon+™, one of our leading voucherless initiatives, and continue to deepen supply in our more than 25 Groupon+ markets.
  • North America gross profit in the first quarter 2018 decreased 1% to $219.7 million. In Local, gross profit decreased 2% to $166.8 million driven by our continued scaling of Groupon+ and the sale of certain OrderUp assets in the second half of 2017. Goods gross profit increased 1% to $36.9 million resulting from our continued focus on optimizing for gross profit. Gross profit in Travel increased 6% to $16.0 million.
  • North America active customers were 32.6 million as of March 31, 2018, and trailing twelve month gross profit per active customer increased 1%.

International

  • We generated positive results in International in the first quarter as we advanced our product, supply, and marketing initiatives. In Local, we ran our largest single International deal ever with Odeon, one of the largest cinema chains in the United Kingdom. In Goods, we made further operational improvements focused on driving long-term gross profit growth and improving the customer experience.
  • International gross profit increased 19% (5% FX-neutral) in the first quarter 2018 to $105.2 million. Gross profit increased 19% (5% FX-neutral) in Local, 26% (10% FX-neutral) in Goods, and 6% (7% FX-neutral decline) in Travel.
  • International active customers increased to 17.0 million as of March 31, 2018, and trailing twelve month gross profit per active customer increased 9%.

Consolidated

  • Revenue was $626.5 million in the first quarter 2018, down 7% (11% FX-neutral) reflecting our continued focus on revenue generation that maximizes gross profit.
  • Gross profit was $324.9 million in the first quarter 2018, up 5% (1% FX-neutral), led by growth in International.
  • SG&A declined 4% to $222.1 million in the first quarter 2018 as we continue to focus on operational efficiency.
  • Marketing expense was $99.2 million in the first quarter 2018, up 15%.
  • Net loss from continuing operations was $2.8 million in the first quarter 2018 compared to a net loss of $20.9 million in the first quarter 2017.
  • Net loss attributable to common stockholders was $6.9 million, or $0.01 per diluted share, compared to $24.4 million, or $0.04 per diluted share, in the first quarter 2017. Non-GAAP net income attributable to common stockholders was $16.2 million, or $0.03 per diluted share, compared to $5.2 million, or $0.01 per diluted share, in the first quarter 2017.
  • Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, was $52.6 million in the first quarter 2018, up 17% from $44.8 million in the first quarter 2017.
  • Global units sold declined 7% to 42.4 million in the first quarter 2018 as we continued to manage our business to maximize gross profit, which in some instances, resulted in fewer units. Units in North America were down 11% with a significant portion of that decline due to our focus on long-term gross profit optimization in Goods as well as our continued scaling of Groupon+ and the sale of certain OrderUp assets that occurred in the second half of 2017.
  • Operating cash flow was $148.9 million for the trailing twelve month period as of the first quarter 2018, and free cash flow, a non-GAAP financial measure, was $83.7 million for the trailing twelve month period.
  • Cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2018 were $725.9 million, and we had no outstanding borrowings under our $250 million revolving credit facility.
  • In May 2018, the Board of Directors approved a $300 million share repurchase authorization, which replaces the recently expired authorization. The timing and amount of share repurchases, if any, will be determined based on market conditions, limitations under our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, share price and other factors, and the program may be terminated at any time.

Definitions and reconciliations of all non-GAAP financial measures and additional information regarding operational measures are included below in the section titled "Terminology Changes, Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Operational Metrics" and in the accompanying tables. All comparisons are year-over-year unless otherwise provided.

Outlook

Groupon is raising its outlook for 2018, which reflects current foreign exchange rates and the Vouchercloud acquisition, which we expect to contribute $5 to $6 million to Adjusted EBITDA in 2018. For the full year 2018, Groupon now expects Adjusted EBITDA to be between $280 million and $290 million, an increase from the previously provided range of $260 million and $270 million.

Conference Call

A conference call will be webcast live today at 9:00 a.m. CDT / 10:00 a.m. EDT and will be available on Groupon’s investor relations website at http://investor.groupon.com. This call will contain forward-looking statements and other material information regarding the Company’s financial and operating results.

Groupon encourages investors to use its investor relations website as a way of easily finding information about the company. Groupon promptly makes available on this website, free of charge, the reports that the company files or furnishes with the SEC, corporate governance information (including Groupon’s Global Code of Conduct), and select press releases and social media postings. Groupon uses its investor relations site (investor.groupon.com) and the Groupon blog (www.groupon.com/blog) as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with its disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.

Terminology Changes, Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Operational Metrics

In prior periods, we referred to our product revenue and service revenue as "direct revenue" and "third-party and other revenue," respectively. This terminology change did not impact the amounts presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements accompanying this release.

In addition to financial results reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we have provided the following non-GAAP financial measures: Foreign exchange rate neutral operating results, adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes, non-GAAP net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders, non-GAAP income (loss) per share, non-GAAP provision (benefit) for income taxes and free cash flow. These non-GAAP financial measures, which are presented on a continuing operations basis, are intended to aid investors in better understanding our current financial performance and prospects for the future as seen through the eyes of management. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures facilitate comparisons with our historical results and with the results of peer companies who present similar measures (although other companies may define non-GAAP measures differently than we define them, even when similar terms are used to identify such measures). However, these non-GAAP financial measures are not intended to be a substitute for those reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP. For reconciliations of these measures to the most applicable financial measures under U.S. GAAP, see "Non-GAAP Reconciliation Schedules" and "Supplemental Financial and Operating Metrics" included in the tables accompanying this release.

We exclude the following items from one or more of our non-GAAP financial measures:

Stock-based compensation. We exclude stock-based compensation because it is primarily non-cash in nature and we believe that non-GAAP financial measures excluding this item provide meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance and liquidity.

Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net. Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net is comprised of the change in the fair value of contingent consideration arrangements and external transaction costs related to business combinations, primarily consisting of legal and advisory fees. The composition of our contingent consideration arrangements and the impact of those arrangements on our operating results vary over time based on a number of factors, including the terms of our business combinations and the timing of those transactions. We exclude acquisition-related expense (benefit), net because we believe that non-GAAP financial measures excluding this item provide meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance and facilitate comparisons to our historical operating results.

Depreciation and amortization. We exclude depreciation and amortization expenses because they are non-cash in nature and we believe that non-GAAP financial measures excluding these items provide meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance and liquidity.

Interest and Other Non-Operating Items. Interest and other non-operating items include: gains and losses related to minority investments, foreign currency gains and losses, interest income and interest expense, including non-cash interest expense from our convertible senior notes. We exclude interest and other non-operating items from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because we believe that excluding these items provides meaningful supplemental information about our core operating performance and facilitates comparisons to our historical operating results.

Special Charges and Credits. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, special charges and credits included charges related to our restructuring plan. We exclude special charges and credits from Adjusted EBITDA because we believe that excluding those items provides meaningful supplemental information about our core operating performance and facilitates comparisons with our historical results.

Descriptions of the non-GAAP financial measures included in this release and the accompanying tables are as follows:

Foreign exchange rate neutral operating results show current period operating results as if foreign currency exchange rates had remained the same as those in effect in the prior year period. These measures are intended to facilitate comparisons to our historical performance.

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP performance measure that we define as net income (loss) from continuing operations excluding income taxes, interest and other non-operating items, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, acquisition-related expense (benefit), net and other special charges and credits, including items that are unusual in nature or infrequently occurring. Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA may differ from similar measures used by other companies, even when similar terms are used to identify such measures. Adjusted EBITDA is a key measure used by our management and Board of Directors to evaluate operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions for the allocation of capital. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and Board of Directors. However, Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to be a substitute for income (loss) from continuing operations.

Non-GAAP income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes, Non-GAAP net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders and non-GAAP income (loss) per diluted share are non-GAAP performance measures that adjust our net income attributable to common stockholders and earnings per share to exclude the impact of:

  • stock-based compensation,
  • amortization of acquired intangible assets,
  • acquisition-related expense (benefit), net,
  • special charges and credits, including restructuring charges,
  • non-cash interest expense on convertible senior notes,
  • non-operating foreign currency gains and losses related to intercompany balances and reclassifications of cumulative translation adjustments to earnings as a result of business dispositions or country exits,
  • non-operating gains and losses from minority investments that we have elected to record at fair value with changes in fair value reported in earnings,
  • non-operating gains and losses from the sale of minority investments, and
  • income (loss) from discontinued operations.

We believe that excluding the above items from our measures of non-GAAP income from continuing operations before provision (benefit) from income taxes, non-GAAP net income attributable to common stockholders and non-GAAP earnings per diluted share provides useful supplemental information for evaluating our operating performance and facilitates comparisons to our historical results by eliminating items that are non-cash in nature, relate to discrete events, or are otherwise not indicative of the core operating performance of our ongoing business.

Non-GAAP Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes. Non-GAAP provision (benefit) for income taxes reflects our current and deferred tax provision computed based on non-GAAP income from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes.

Free cash flow is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that comprises net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software from continuing operations. We use free cash flow to conduct and evaluate our business because, although it is similar to cash flow from continuing operations, we believe that it typically represents a more useful measure of cash flows because purchases of fixed assets, software developed for internal use and website development costs are necessary components of our ongoing operations. Free cash flow is not intended to represent the total increase or decrease in our cash balance for the applicable period.

Descriptions of the operating metrics included in this release and the accompanying tables are as follows:

Gross Billings. This metric represents the total dollar value of customer purchases of goods and services. For sales of vouchers and similar transactions in which we collect the transaction price from the customer and remit a portion of the transaction price to the third-party merchant who will provide the related goods or services, which comprise a substantial majority of our service revenue transactions, gross billings differs from revenue reported in our condensed consolidated statements of operations, which is presented net of the merchant's share of the transaction price. For product revenue transactions, gross billings are equivalent to product revenue reported in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. We consider this metric to be an important indicator of our growth and business performance as it measures the dollar volume of transactions generated through our marketplaces. Tracking gross billings on service revenue transactions also allows us to monitor the percentage of gross billings that we are able to retain after payments to merchants.

Active customers. We define active customers as unique user accounts that have made a purchase during the trailing twelve months ("TTM") either through one of our online marketplaces or directly with a merchant for which we earned a commission. We consider this metric to be an important indicator of our business performance as it helps us to understand how the number of customers actively purchasing our offerings is trending. Some customers could establish and make purchases from more than one account, so it is possible that our active customer metric may count certain customers more than once in a given period. For entities that we have acquired in a business combination, this metric includes active customers of the acquired entity, including customers who made purchases prior to the acquisition.

Units. This metric represents the number of purchases during the reporting period, before refunds and cancellations, made either through one of our online marketplaces or directly with a merchant for which we earned a commission. We consider unit growth to be an important indicator of the total volume of business conducted through our marketplaces.

Gross profit per active customer. This metric represents the TTM gross profit generated per active customer. We use this metric to evaluate trends in the average contribution to gross profit on a per-customer basis. We updated the calculation of this metric in the current period to reflect active customers as of the end of the period, rather than the average of active customers as of the beginning and end of period, in the denominator of the calculation. Because our active customer metrics are based on purchases over a TTM period, we believe that this change improves the usefulness of this metric. The prior periods presented have been updated to reflect this change.

Note on Forward-Looking Statements

The statements contained in this release that refer to plans and expectations for the next quarter, the full year or the future are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy and plans and our objectives for future operations. The words "may," "will," "should," "could," "expect," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "intend," "continue" and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have based these forward looking statements largely on current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, risk related to volatility in our operating results; execution of our business and marketing strategies; retaining existing customers and adding new customers; challenges arising from our international operations, including fluctuations in currency exchange rates, legal and regulatory developments and any potential adverse impact from the United Kingdom's likely exit from the European Union; retaining and adding high quality merchants; our voucherless offerings; cybersecurity breaches; competing successfully in our industry; changes to merchant payment terms; providing a strong mobile experience for our customers; maintaining our information technology infrastructure; delivery and routing of our emails; claims related to product and service offerings; managing inventory and order fulfillment risks; litigation; managing refund risks; retaining and attracting members of our executive team; completing and realizing the anticipated benefits from acquisitions, dispositions, joint ventures and strategic investments; lack of control over minority investments; tax liabilities; tax legislation; compliance with domestic and foreign laws and regulations, including the CARD Act, GDPR and regulation of the Internet and e-commerce; classification of our independent contractors; protecting our intellectual property; maintaining a strong brand; customer and merchant fraud; payment-related risks; our ability to raise capital if necessary and our outstanding indebtedness; global economic uncertainty; our common stock, including volatility in our stock price; our senior convertible notes; our ability to realize the anticipated benefits from the hedge and warrant transactions. For additional information regarding these and other risks and uncertainties, we urge you to refer to the factors included under the headings "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in the company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, copies of which may be obtained by visiting the company's Investor Relations web site at investor.groupon.com or the SEC's web site at www.sec.gov. Groupon's actual results could differ materially from those predicted or implied and reported results should not be considered an indication of future performance.

You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although Groupon believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, it cannot guarantee that the future results, levels of activity, performance or events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur. Moreover, neither the company nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements reflect Groupon’s expectations as of May 9, 2018. Groupon undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this release to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in its expectations.

About Groupon

Groupon (NASDAQ: GRPN) is building the daily habit in local commerce, offering a vast mobile and online marketplace where people discover and save on amazing things to do, eat, see and buy. By enabling real-time commerce across local businesses, travel destinations, consumer products and live events, shoppers can find the best a city has to offer.

Groupon is redefining how small businesses attract and retain customers by providing them with customizable and scalable marketing tools and services to profitably grow their businesses.

To download Groupon's top-rated mobile apps, visit www.groupon.com/mobile. To search for great deals or subscribe to Groupon emails, visit www.groupon.com. To learn more about the company’s merchant solutions and how to work with Groupon, visit www.groupon.com/merchant.

 
Groupon, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 
    March 31, 2018    

December 31, 2017

(unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 725,909 $ 880,129
Accounts receivable, net 81,571 98,294
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 89,282   94,025  
Total current assets 896,762 1,072,448
Property, equipment and software, net 146,717 151,145
Goodwill 289,945 286,989
Intangible assets, net 16,925 19,196
Investments (including $103,579 and $109,751 at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, at fair value) 129,373 135,189
Other non-current assets 23,206   12,538  
Total Assets $ 1,502,928   $ 1,677,505  
Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 23,400 $ 31,968
Accrued merchant and supplier payables 568,570 770,335
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 265,920   331,196  
Total current liabilities 857,890 1,133,499
Convertible senior notes, net 192,619 189,753
Other non-current liabilities 102,047   102,408  
Total Liabilities 1,152,556   1,425,660  
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 2,010,000,000 shares authorized; 752,664,286 shares issued and 564,062,044 shares outstanding at March 31, 2018; 748,541,862 shares issued and 559,939,620 shares outstanding at December 31, 2017 75 75
Additional paid-in capital 2,192,469 2,174,708
Treasury stock, at cost, 188,602,242 shares at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 (867,450 ) (867,450 )
Accumulated deficit (1,006,308 ) (1,088,204 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 29,936   31,844  
Total Groupon, Inc. Stockholders' Equity 348,722 250,973
Noncontrolling interests 1,650   872  
Total Equity 350,372   251,845  
Total Liabilities and Equity $ 1,502,928   $ 1,677,505  
 
Groupon, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
 
    Three Months Ended March 31,
2018     2017
Revenue:
Service $ 301,797 $ 301,577
Product 324,743   372,049  
Total revenue 626,540   673,626  
Cost of revenue:
Service 31,145 42,873
Product 270,510   321,302  
Total cost of revenue 301,655   364,175  
Gross profit 324,885   309,451  
Operating expenses:
Marketing 99,156 86,342
Selling, general and administrative 222,061 232,058
Restructuring charges 283   2,731  
Total operating expenses 321,500   321,131  
Income (loss) from operations 3,385 (11,680 )
Other income (expense), net (8,515 ) (4,602 )
Income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes (5,130 ) (16,282 )
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (2,335 ) 4,587  
Income (loss) from continuing operations (2,795 ) (20,869 )
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax —   487  
Net income (loss) (2,795 ) (20,382 )
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (4,093 ) (4,032 )
Net income (loss) attributable to Groupon, Inc. $ (6,888 ) $ (24,414 )
 
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share:
Continuing operations $ (0.01 ) $ (0.04 )
Discontinued operations 0.00   0.00  
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share $ (0.01 ) $ (0.04 )
 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding
Basic 561,735,937 562,195,243
Diluted 561,735,937 562,195,243
 
Groupon, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
 
    Three Months Ended March 31,
2018     2017
Operating activities
Net income (loss) $ (2,795 ) $ (20,382 )
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax —   487  
Income (loss) from continuing operations (2,795 ) (20,869 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and software 26,721 28,667
Amortization of acquired intangible assets 2,940 5,400
Stock-based compensation 19,326 19,701
Deferred income taxes (6,575 ) (74 )
(Gain) loss from changes in fair value of investments 5,033 (303 )
Impairment of investment 855 —
Amortization of debt discount on convertible senior notes 2,866 2,587
Change in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts receivable 17,623 10,594
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 9,601 5,380
Accounts payable (8,341 ) (13,184 )
Accrued merchant and supplier payables (143,330 ) (138,238 )
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (41,564 ) (36,040 )
Other, net (2,107 ) (1,707 )
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations (119,747 ) (138,086 )
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from discontinued operations —   (1,098 )
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (119,747 ) (139,184 )
Investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software (20,144 ) (14,076 )
Acquisitions of intangible assets and other investing activities (238 ) 56  
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities from continuing operations (20,382 ) (14,020 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities from discontinued operations —   (7,547 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (20,382 ) (21,567 )
Financing activities
Payments for purchases of treasury stock — (27,234 )
Taxes paid related to net share settlements of stock-based compensation awards (9,179 ) (8,970 )
Proceeds from stock option exercises and employee stock purchase plan 2,434 2,468
Distributions to noncontrolling interest holders (3,315 ) (3,450 )
Payments of capital lease obligations (9,024 ) (8,067 )
Payments of contingent consideration related to acquisitions (1,815 ) —
Other financing activities —   (473 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (20,899 ) (45,726 )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, including cash classified within current assets of discontinued operations 6,191   3,973  
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, including cash classified within current assets of discontinued operations (154,837 ) (202,504 )
Less: Net increase (decrease) in cash classified within current assets of discontinued operations —   (28,866 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (154,837 ) (173,638 )
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 885,481   874,906  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period $ 730,644   $ 701,268  
 
Groupon, Inc.
Supplemental Financial and Operating Metrics
(dollars in thousands; active customers in millions)
(unaudited)
 
                   
Q1 2017 Q2 2017 Q3 2017 Q4 2017 Q1 2018
North America Segment: Q1 2018
Gross Billings (1): Y/Y Growth
Local $ 587,766 $ 615,833 $ 606,184 $ 605,460 $ 543,021 (7.6) %
Travel 114,163 112,670 93,186 84,504 102,499 (10.2)
Goods 262,588   245,924   229,479   369,973   209,476   (20.2)
Total Gross Billings $ 964,517   $ 974,427   $ 928,849   $ 1,059,937   $ 854,996   (11.4) %
Revenue:
Local $ 200,545 $ 207,534 $ 194,090 $ 223,410 $ 187,411 (6.5) %
Travel 20,462 22,320 18,300 17,413 20,084 (1.8)
Goods 252,350   222,058   201,824   333,862   185,761   (26.4)
Total Revenue $ 473,357   $ 451,912   $ 414,214   $ 574,685   $ 393,256   (16.9) %
Gross Profit:
Local $ 169,342 $ 179,609 $ 162,914 $ 196,708 $ 166,756 (1.5) %
Travel 15,165 17,755 14,060 13,614 16,002 5.5
Goods 36,430   36,496   30,934   54,651   36,922   1.4
Total Gross Profit $ 220,937   $ 233,860   $ 207,908   $ 264,973   $ 219,680   (0.6) %
 
Operating income (loss) $ (14,783 ) $ (12,033 ) $ (6,995 ) $ 33,766 $ (1,860 ) 87.4 %
 
International Segment: Q1 2018
Y/Y Growth
Gross Billings: Y/Y Growth

FX Effect (2)

excluding FX(2)

Local $ 191,219 $ 189,408 $ 202,991 $ 229,167 $ 217,307 13.6 % (12.5) 1.1 %
Travel 53,161 45,981 49,837 59,666 57,522 8.2 (12.7) (4.5)
Goods 149,079   154,417   159,820   233,422   163,439   9.6 (14.1) (4.5)
Total Gross Billings $ 393,459   $ 389,806   $ 412,648   $ 522,255   $ 438,268   11.4 % (13.2) (1.8) %
Revenue:
Local $ 63,575 $ 66,108 $ 71,574 $ 80,209 $ 74,578 17.3 % (13.3) 4.0 %
Travel 11,002 10,796 9,801 12,187 11,436 3.9 (12.4) (8.5)
Goods 125,692   133,803   138,877   206,085   147,270   17.2 (15.5) 1.7
Total Revenue $ 200,269   $ 210,707   $ 220,252   $ 298,481   $ 233,284   16.5 % (14.6) 1.9 %
Gross Profit:
Local $ 59,194 $ 62,303 $ 67,860 $ 75,991 $ 70,215 18.6 % (13.5) 5.1 %
Travel 10,036 9,996 8,922 11,334 10,651 6.1 (12.8) (6.7)
Goods 19,284   21,908   24,735   34,620   24,339   26.2 (16.2) 10.0
Total Gross Profit $ 88,514   $ 94,207   $ 101,517   $ 121,945   $ 105,205   18.9 % (14.0) 4.9 %
 
Operating income (loss) $ 3,103 $ 4,635 $ 5,782 $ 15,960 $ 5,245 69.0 %
 
Consolidated Results of Operations:
Gross Billings:
Local $ 778,985 $ 805,241 $ 809,175 $ 834,627 $ 760,328 (2.4) % (3.1) (5.5) %
Travel 167,324 158,651 143,023 144,170 160,021 (4.4) (4.0) (8.4)
Goods 411,667   400,341   389,299   603,395   372,915   (9.4) (5.1) (14.5)
Total Gross Billings $ 1,357,976   $ 1,364,233   $ 1,341,497   $ 1,582,192   $ 1,293,264   (4.8) % (3.8) (8.6) %
Revenue:
Local $ 264,120 $ 273,642 $ 265,664 $ 303,619 $ 261,989 (0.8) % (3.2) (4.0) %
Travel 31,464 33,116 28,101 29,600 31,520 0.2 (4.4) (4.2)
Goods 378,042   355,861   340,701   539,947   333,031   (11.9) (5.1) (17.0)
Total Revenue $ 673,626   $ 662,619   $ 634,466   $ 873,166   $ 626,540   (7.0) % (4.3) (11.3) %
Gross Profit:
Local $ 228,536 $ 241,912 $ 230,774 $ 272,699 $ 236,971 3.7 % (3.5) 0.2 %
Travel 25,201 27,751 22,982 24,948 26,653 5.8 (5.1) 0.7
Goods 55,714   58,404   55,669   89,271   61,261   10.0 (6.0) 4.0
Total Gross Profit $ 309,451   $ 328,067   $ 309,425   $ 386,918   $ 324,885   5.0 % (4.0) 1.0 %
 
Operating income (loss) $ (11,680 ) $ (7,398 ) $ (1,213 ) $ 49,726 $ 3,385 129.0 %
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations $ (138,086 ) $ (19,390 ) $ 21,772 $ 266,249 $ (119,747 ) 13.3 %
Free Cash Flow $ (152,162 ) $ (34,775 ) $ 7,517 $ 250,807 $ (139,891 ) 8.1 %
 
        Q1 2017     Q2 2017     Q3 2017     Q4 2017     Q1 2018
Active Customers (3)
North America 31.6 31.9 32.5 32.7 32.6
International 16.7 16.4 16.6 16.8 17.0
Total Active Customers 48.3 48.3 49.1 49.5 49.6
 
TTM Gross Profit / Active Customer (4)
North America $ 28.15 $ 28.41 $ 28.09 $ 28.35 $ 28.38
International 22.72 22.88 23.19 24.16 24.83
Consolidated 26.27 26.53 26.43 26.93 27.16
 
Consolidated Units 45.7 44.5 44.1 54.6 42.4
Year-over-year unit growth:
North America (0.4 ) % (1.9 ) % (0.1 ) % (6.6 ) % (11.3 ) %
International (8.7 ) (7.8 ) (1.5 ) (3.9 ) 2.0
Consolidated (3.1 ) (3.8 ) (0.5 ) (5.7 ) (7.2 )
 
Headcount
Sales (5) 2,624 2,485 2,457 2,407 2,404
Other 4,496   4,176   4,159   4,265   4,235  
Total Headcount 7,120 6,661 6,616 6,672 6,639
(1)   Represents the total dollar value of customer purchases of goods and services.
 
(2) Represents the change in financial measures that would have resulted had average exchange rates in the reporting periods been the same as those in effect in the prior year periods.
 
(3) Reflects the total number of unique user accounts that have made a purchase during the TTM either through one of our online marketplaces or directly with a merchant for which we earned a commission.
 
(4) During the first quarter 2018, we updated the calculation of TTM Gross Profit / Active Customer to reflect active customers as of the end of the period, rather than the average of active customers as of the beginning and end of period, in the denominator of the calculation. Because our active customer metrics are based on purchases over a TTM period, we believe that this change improves the usefulness of this metric. The prior period amounts have been updated to reflect this change.
 
(5) Includes merchant sales representatives, as well as sales support personnel.
 

Groupon, Inc.
Non-GAAP Reconciliation Schedules
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)

Adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP earnings attributable to common stockholders and non-GAAP earnings per share are non-GAAP performance measures. The Company reconciles Adjusted EBITDA to the most comparable U.S. GAAP performance measure, Net income (loss) from continuing operations for the periods presented and the Company reconciles non-GAAP earnings per share to the most comparable U.S. GAAP performance measure, Diluted net income (loss) per share, for the periods presented.

The following is a quarterly reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the most comparable U.S. GAAP performance measure, Income (loss) from continuing operations.

 
    Q1 2017     Q2 2017     Q3 2017     Q4 2017     Q1 2018
Income (loss) from continuing operations $ (20,869 ) $ (5,403 ) $ 3,802 $ 51,071 $ (2,795 )
Adjustments:
Stock-based compensation (1) 19,650 21,392 18,235 21,673 19,278
Depreciation and amortization 34,067 34,679 35,231 33,850 29,661
Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net 12 36 — — —
Restructuring charges 2,731 4,584 11,503 10 283
Gain on sale of intangible assets — — (17,149 ) — —
Other (income) expense, net 4,602 (5,878 ) (7,546 ) 2,112 8,515
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 4,587   3,883   2,531   (3,457 ) (2,335 )
Total adjustments 65,649   58,696   42,805   54,188   55,402  
Adjusted EBITDA $ 44,780   $ 53,293   $ 46,607   $ 105,259   $ 52,607  
(1)   Represents stock-based compensation recorded within Selling, general and administrative, Cost of revenue and Marketing. Other (income) expense, net, includes $0.05 million, $0.05 million, $0.07 million, $0.06 million and $0.05 million of additional stock-based compensation for the three months ended March 31, 2017, June 30, 2017, September 30, 2017, December 31, 2017 and March 31, 2018, respectively. Restructuring charges include $0.8 million of additional stock-based compensation for the three months ended September 30, 2017.
 

The following is a reconciliation of the Company's annual outlook for Adjusted EBITDA to the Company's outlook for the most comparable U.S. GAAP performance measure, Income (loss) from continuing operations.

        Year Ending
December 31, 2018
Expected income (loss) from continuing operations range $ 45,000 to 55,000
Expected adjustments:
Stock-based compensation 97,000
Depreciation and amortization 110,000
Other (income) expense, net 21,000
Provision (benefit) for income taxes   7,000
Total expected adjustments   235,000
Expected Adjusted EBITDA range $ 280,000 to 290,000
 

The outlook provided above does not reflect the potential impact of any business or asset acquisitions or dispositions, changes in the fair values of investments, foreign currency gains or losses or unusual or infrequently occurring items that may occur during the remainder of 2018.

The following is a reconciliation of net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders to non-GAAP net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders and a reconciliation of diluted net income (loss) per share to non-GAAP net income (loss) per share for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017:

    Three Months Ended March 31,
2018     2017
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders $ (6,888 ) $ (24,414 )
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest (4,093 ) (4,032 )
Net income (loss) (2,795 ) (20,382 )
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax —   487  
Income (loss) from continuing operations (2,795 ) (20,869 )
Less: Provision (benefit) for income taxes (2,335 ) 4,587  
Income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes (5,130 ) (16,282 )
Stock-based compensation 19,326 19,701
Amortization of acquired intangible assets 2,940 5,400
Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net — 12
Restructuring charges 283 2,731
Losses (gains), net from changes in fair value of investments 5,033 (303 )
Intercompany foreign currency losses (gains) and reclassifications of translation adjustments to earnings (3,427 ) (110 )
Non-cash interest expense on convertible senior notes 2,866   2,587  
Non-GAAP income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes 21,891 13,736
Non-GAAP provision (benefit) for income taxes 1,561   4,532  
Non-GAAP net income (loss) 20,330 9,204
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest (4,093 ) (4,032 )
Non-GAAP net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders $ 16,237   $ 5,172  
 
Weighted-average shares of common stock - diluted 561,735,937 562,195,243
Incremental dilutive securities 9,955,028   7,527,970  
Weighted-average shares of common stock - non-GAAP 571,690,965   569,723,213  
 
Diluted net loss per share $ (0.01 ) $ (0.04 )
Impact of non-GAAP adjustments and related tax effects 0.04   0.05  
Non-GAAP net income per share $ 0.03   $ 0.01  
 

Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure. The following is a reconciliation of free cash flow to the most comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure, Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations.

    Q1 2017     Q2 2017     Q3 2017     Q4 2017     Q1 2018
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations (1) $ (138,086 ) $ (19,390 ) $ 21,772 $ 266,249 $ (119,747 )
Purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software from continuing operations (14,076 ) (15,385 ) (14,255 ) (15,442 ) (20,144 )
Free cash flow (1) $ (152,162 ) $ (34,775 ) $ 7,517 $ 250,807 $ (139,891 )
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities from continuing operations $ (14,020 ) $ (13,782 ) $ 18,230 $ (15,751 ) $ (20,382 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities $ (45,726 ) $ (47,924 ) $ (27,972 ) $ (16,424 ) $ (20,899 )
(1)   Prior period cash flows from operating activities of continuing operations has been updated from negative $136.2 million, negative $20.7 million, $23.9 million and $270.6 million previously reported for the three months ended March 31, 2017, June 30, 2017, September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and prior period free cash flow has been updated from negative $150.3 million, negative $36.1 million, $9.6 million and $255.1 million previously reported for the three months ended March 31, 2017, June 30, 2017, September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2017, respectively, to reflect the adoption of ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Restricted Cash, on January 1, 2018. For additional information on the adoption of ASU 2016-18, refer to Note 2, Adoption of New Accounting Standards, in the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.