Humana : Reports Fourth Quarter 2016 Financial Results

Humana Inc. (NYSE: HUM) today reported pretax results and results per common share for the quarter ended December 31, 2016 (4Q 2016) versus the quarter ended December 31, 2015 (4Q 2015) and for the year ended December 31, 2016 (FY16) versus the year ended December 31, 2015 (FY15) as follows:

^{The company has included financial measures throughout this earnings release that are not in accordance with GAAP. Management believes that these measures, when presented in conjunction with the comparable GAAP measures, are useful to both management and its investors in analyzing the company’s ongoing business and operating performance. Consequently, management uses these non-GAAP financial measures as indicators of the company’s business performance, as well as for operational planning and decision making purposes. Non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. All financial measures in this press release are in accordance with GAAP unless otherwise indicated.}

“We are proud of our strong 2016 operating results, particularly given the complex operating environment during the extended transaction process,” said Bruce D. Broussard, Humana’s President and Chief Executive Officer. “These results and the current strength of the company are the result of deep clinical engagement with our members, tireless work to simplify the member experience, our partnership with providers and the dedication of our more than 50,000 associates.”

Following the January 23, 2017 decision from the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia (the Court) regarding the company’s pending transaction with Aetna, Humana now expects to provide its 2017 financial guidance and hold a call with investors to discuss that guidance and provide an update on the transaction with Aetna no later than February 16, 2017. This time frame allows Humana to fully evaluate the Court’s decision and any related impact on its expected results for 2017.

The GAAP consolidated pretax loss for 4Q 2016 of $486 million compared unfavorably to GAAP consolidated pretax income of $246 million in 4Q 2015, primarily reflecting the previously-announced write-off of approximately $583 million, or $2.43 per diluted common share, in receivables associated with the risk corridor premium stabilization program as well as reserve strengthening for the company’s non-strategic closed block of long-term care insurance business of $505 million, or $2.11 per diluted common share (discussed below). These negative impacts were partially offset by the year-over-year impact of the $176 million PDR recorded in 4Q 2015 related to certain Individual Commercial policies, improvement in results for the company’s individual Medicare Advantage business, and higher operating earnings in the Healthcare Services segment.

The Adjusted consolidated pretax income for 4Q 2016 of $643 million rose $191 million, or 42 percent, versus $452 million in 4Q 2015 primarily due to year-over-year improvement in the individual Medicare Advantage business and higher operating earnings in the Healthcare Services segment, while excluding the quarterly impact of the items detailed in the consolidated pretax (loss) income table above.

For FY16, GAAP consolidated pretax income of $1.55 billion decreased $879 million, or 36 percent, from $2.43 billion in FY15 primarily due to the same factors impacting the GAAP quarterly comparisons along with increased profitability in the company’s state-based contracts business, partially offset by the impact of the FY15 gain related to the sale of Concentra.

Adjusted consolidated pretax income for FY16 of $2.82 billion increased $368 million, or 15 percent, versus $2.45 billion in FY15 reflecting the same factors impacting the full-year GAAP comparison, while excluding the full-year impact of the items detailed in the consolidated pretax (loss) income table above.

Further discussions of each segment’s financial results are included in the segment highlights below.

The year-over-year changes in per-share results (both GAAP and Adjusted) for 4Q 2016 reflected the same factors impacting the GAAP and Adjusted consolidated pretax income comparisons year over year, as well as a tax benefit in 4Q 2016 versus tax expense in 4Q 2015.

The year-over-year changes in EPS (both GAAP and Adjusted) for FY16 reflected the combination of the same factors impacting the GAAP and Adjusted consolidated pretax income for the full year, as well as a higher effective tax rate in FY16 versus FY15 and the previously disclosed retroactive beneficial impact of $0.12 per diluted common share in the first quarter 2016 from the early adoption of a new accounting standard in the second quarter of 2016.

“We are pleased that our operating results in 2016 demonstrated solid execution resulting in performance above our expectations,” said Brian A. Kane, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, “Our individual Medicare Advantage and Healthcare Services businesses improved significantly year over year and our cash flow from operations more than doubled. We have entered 2017 with a solid balance sheet and keen operational focus, positioning us well for the future.”

James E. Murray to retire March 31, 2017

The company also announced today that James E. Murray, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, has decided to retire from that position effective March 31, 2017, and has agreed to serve as an advisor to the company through the end of the year. At this time, the company does not anticipate filling the Chief Operating Officer role.

“Jim’s commitment to Humana and contributions to our success are without parallel,” said Broussard. “Since joining the organization in 1989, his passion for growing our company while serving our customers has been evident to all who have worked with him and learned from him. I wish him well in his next endeavors, and am pleased that the company will continue to benefit from his advice and experience through the end of the year.”

2018 Advance Notice

On Wednesday, February 1, 2017, after the stock market closed, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued its preliminary 2018 Medicare Advantage and Part D payment rates and proposed policy changes (collectively, the Advance Notice). CMS has invited public comment on the Advance Notice before publishing final rates on April 3, 2017 (the Final Notice).

In the Advance Notice, CMS estimates Medicare Advantage plans across the sector will, on average, experience a 0.25 percent increase in benchmark funding based on proposals included therein. As indicated by CMS, its estimate excludes the impact of fee-for-service county rebasing/re-pricing since the related impact is dependent upon finalization of certain data, which will be available with the publication of the Final Notice.

CMS’ estimate includes 40 basis points of negative impact associated with Star quality bonuses sector-wide. Excluding that item, CMS’ estimate would be a 0.65 percent increase.

Based on the company’s preliminary analysis using the same factors CMS included in its estimate, the components of which are detailed on CMS’ web site, Humana anticipates the proposals in the Advance Notice would result in a change to its benchmark funding relatively in line with CMS’ estimate, excluding the impact attributable to Star quality bonuses.

As previously disclosed, the most recent Star quality ratings published by CMS show a significant decline in the percent of Humana members expected to be in 4-Star rated plans or above. The company continues to believe that its Star ratings for the 2018 bonus year do not accurately reflect the company’s actual performance under certain Star measures. Consequently, the company filed for reconsideration of those measures under the appropriate administrative process. The company also continues to evaluate its contract structures for rationalization to mitigate the negative impact on Star bonus revenues for 2018. The ultimate financial impact to the company related to 2018 Star bonus revenues is dependent upon multiple variables including, but not limited to, the ultimate number of Medicare Advantage members in 4-Star or higher rated plans and the geographic distribution of those members as well as a number of operational initiatives which would serve to mitigate the negative impact of the company’s Star performance.

The Advance Notice also discussed proposed changes to Star rating measurements which, if adopted, are expected to be implemented prospectively. Consequently, such changes are not expected to impact the company’s financial results for 2018, if adopted.

The company will be drawing upon its program expertise to provide CMS formal commentary on the impact of the Advance Notice and the related impact upon Medicare beneficiaries’ quality of care and service to its members through the Medicare Advantage program.

Aetna Transaction

As previously announced, Humana entered into a definitive merger agreement with Aetna on July 2, 2015 under which, at the closing, Aetna will acquire each outstanding common share of Humana for $125 in cash and 0.8375 of an Aetna common share. At separate special stockholder meetings both held on October 19, 2015, Humana stockholders approved the adoption of the Aetna merger agreement and Aetna shareholders approved the issuance of the Aetna common stock in the transaction.

The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including the expiration of the Hart-Scott-Rodino antitrust waiting period and approvals of certain state Departments of Insurance and other regulators. As permitted under the merger agreement, Aetna and Humana previously agreed to extend the time period to satisfy all necessary closing conditions and close the transaction to December 31, 2016. On December 22, 2016, in order to further extend the merger agreement, both parties agreed to waive the right to terminate the merger agreement until 11:59 p.m. on February 15, 2017.

On July 21, 2016, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) filed a civil antitrust lawsuit alleging that the merger would violate Section 7 of the Clayton Antitrust Act, and seeking a permanent injunction that would prevent the closing of the transaction.

In order to address the DOJ’s perceived competitive concerns regarding Medicare Advantage, on August 2, 2016, the company and Aetna each entered into definitive asset purchase agreements (the Humana APA and the Aetna APA, respectively) to sell for cash to Molina Healthcare, Inc. certain of their respective Medicare Advantage assets. The sale price under the Humana APA and the Aetna APA is approximately $117 million in the aggregate, based on the estimated membership in the plans involved in the transaction. The transactions contemplated by the Humana APA and the Aetna APA remain subject to the completion of Humana’s transaction with Aetna, the resolution of the DOJ litigation, CMS approvals and actions and customary closing conditions, including approvals of state Departments of Insurance and other regulators.

The DOJ trial commenced on December 5, 2016, and concluded on December 30, 2016. On January 23, 2017, the Court ruled in favor of the DOJ and granted a permanent injunction of the proposed transaction. The company is reviewing the Court’s ruling.

Conference Call

As noted above, the company now expects to provide its 2017 financial guidance and hold a related conference call with investors to discuss 2017 guidance and provide an update on the Aetna transaction no later than February 16, 2017. Details regarding that conference call will be provided at the time the company issues its 2017 financial projections.

Please direct any questions regarding the company’s 4Q 2016 earnings release to Humana Investor Relations or Humana Corporate Communications.

GAAP consolidated revenues for 4Q 2016 were $12.88 billion, a decrease of $483 million, or 4 percent, from $13.36 billion in 4Q 2015. The year-over-year decrease reflected a reduction to premiums of approximately $583 million related to the previously disclosed write-off of risk corridor receivables, the loss of premiums associated with a large group Medicare account that moved to a private exchange on January 1, 2016, and a decline in premium revenues associated with fewer Individual Commercial members. These decreases were partially offset by higher average membership and per-member premium increases for certain lines of business.

Adjusted consolidated revenues for 4Q 2016 of $13.46 billion compare to GAAP consolidated premiums and services revenues for 4Q 2015 of $13.36 billion, with the year-over-year change driven by the same factors as the GAAP comparisons, while excluding the impact of the risk corridor receivables write-off.

GAAP consolidated revenues for FY16 of $54.38 billion increased $90 million from $54.29 billion in FY15. The FY16 year-over-year increase for GAAP consolidated revenues was primarily driven by higher average membership and per-member premium increases for certain lines of business. These increases were substantially offset by the write-off of risk corridor receivables, the loss of premiums associated with a large group Medicare account that moved to a private exchange on January 1, 2016, a decline in premium revenues associated with fewer Individual Commercial members and lower services revenues in FY16 given the sale of Concentra in June 2015.

Adjusted consolidated revenues for FY16 of $54.96 billion compare to GAAP consolidated revenues for FY15 of $54.29 billion, and reflected the same factors as the GAAP comparisons to FY15, while excluding the impact of the risk corridor receivables write-off.

The 4Q 2016 GAAP consolidated benefit ratio of 89.2 percent increased 340 basis points from 85.8 percent for 4Q 2015 primarily due to $505 million in incremental benefits expense for reserve strengthening in the company’s non-strategic closed block of long-term care insurance policies, as described below, and the impact on the consolidated benefit ratio of lower consolidated premiums associated with the $583 million write-off of risk corridor receivables. The negative impact of these items was partially offset by lower year-over-year utilization for both Medicare Advantage and Group segment businesses and favorable comparisons of Prior Period Development for the Retail and Group segments, including favorable development related to the first three quarters of 2016. The 4Q 2015 GAAP consolidated benefit ratio included the impact of the $176 million PDR recorded related to certain of the company’s 2016 Individual Commercial policies, benefitting the year-over-year comparison for the consolidated benefit ratio.

The 4Q 2016 Adjusted consolidated benefit ratio of 81.2 percent decreased by 320 basis points from the 4Q 2015 Adjusted consolidated benefit ratio of 84.4 percent. The year-over-year comparison for the Adjusted consolidated benefit ratios reflects the same factors impacting the quarterly GAAP comparison, while excluding the quarterly impact of the items detailed in the consolidated benefit ratio table above.

The FY16 GAAP consolidated benefit ratio of 84.9 percent increased by 40 basis points from 84.5 percent in FY15 reflecting the same factors impacting the quarterly GAAP comparisons.

The FY16 Adjusted consolidated benefit ratio of 83.0 percent decreased by 120 basis points from the FY15 Adjusted ratio of 84.2 percent reflecting the same factors impacting the year-over-year comparison of the GAAP consolidated benefit ratios for the full year, while excluding the full-year impacts of the items detailed in the consolidated benefit ratio table above.

Prior Period Development for 2016 and 2015 is shown above and decreased the GAAP consolidated benefit ratio by 50 basis points in 4Q 2016 while increasing the ratio by 10 basis points in 4Q 2015. Prior Period Development decreased the FY16 GAAP consolidated benefit ratio by 110 basis points versus 50 basis points in FY15.

Closed block of long-term care insurance policies

In connection with its acquisition of KMG America in 2007, the company acquired a non-strategic closed block of long-term care insurance policies. These policies were sold between 1995 and 2005, of which approximately 30,800 remained in force as of December 31, 2016. During 4Q 2016, the company increased its future policy benefits expense by approximately $505 million to strengthen reserves for this closed block of policies as it determined the present value of future premiums together with its existing reserves were not adequate to provide for future policy benefits. This adjustment primarily was driven by emerging experience indicating longer claims duration, a prolonged lower interest rate environment and an increase in policyholder life expectancies. Future policy benefits associated with these policies are included in “Other Businesses” in the company’s consolidating statement of operations.

The 4Q 2016 GAAP consolidated operating cost ratio (operating costs as a percent of total revenues less investment income) of 15.8 percent increased 170 basis points from 14.1 percent in 4Q 2015, primarily reflecting increases in this ratio for both the Retail and Group segments attributed to the temporary suspension of certain discretionary administrative costs in 4Q 2015 resulting in an unfavorable year-over-year comparison as these expenses were incurred at more normalized levels in 4Q 2016, along with the impact of the risk corridor receivables write-off in 4Q 2016. The Retail segment ratio was also negatively impacted by the previously-disclosed loss of the large group Medicare Advantage account (which carried a lower operating cost ratio than that for individual Medicare Advantage business) that moved to a private exchange on January 1, 2016.

The 4Q 2016 Adjusted consolidated operating cost ratio of 14.9 percent increased 90 basis points from the 4Q 2015 Adjusted consolidated operating cost ratio of 14.0 percent primarily driven by the same factors impacting the change in the GAAP consolidated operating cost ratios, while excluding the quarterly impact of the items detailed in the consolidated operating cost ratio table above.

The FY16 GAAP consolidated operating cost ratio of 13.5 percent decreased 10 basis points from 13.6 percent in FY15, reflecting the sale of Concentra in June 2015, which carried a higher operating cost ratio than that for the company on a consolidated basis, partially offset by the unfavorable year-over-year comparison associated with temporary reductions in discretionary administrative costs in the latter half of 2015 and the impact of the risk corridor receivables write-off in 4Q 2016. The company has also continued to drive administrative cost efficiencies while maintaining its focus on the consumer and provider experience.

The FY16 Adjusted consolidated operating cost ratio of 13.1 percent decreased 50 basis points year over year from 13.6 percent in FY15 reflecting the same factors impacting the annual GAAP consolidated operating cost ratio comparisons, while excluding the full-year impact of the items detailed in the consolidated operating cost ratio table above.

Balance sheet

Cash, cash equivalents and investment securities

• At December 31, 2016, the company had cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities of $13.68 billion, down $2.70 billion, or 16 percent, from $16.37 billion at September 30, 2016 primarily reflecting the impact of the early receipt of the October 2016 Medicare premium remittance of $3.03 billion in September 2016 because the payment date of October 1, 2016 fell on a weekend.
• At December 31, 2016, cash and short-term investments held at the parent company of $2.01 billion increased $113 million, or 6 percent, from $1.90 billion at September 30, 2016, primarily impacted by dividends received from subsidiaries and operating cash derived from the company’s non-insurance subsidiaries’ profits, partially offset by capital contributions into certain subsidiaries, capital expenditures, and cash dividends paid to stockholders. FY16 subsidiary dividends to the parent company totaled $763 million, including $100 million in 4Q 2016, compared to $493 million in FY15. Parent company cash and short-term investments included $300 million associated with outstanding commercial paper at both December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016.

Premium stabilization programs (3Rs) receivables

• At December 31, 2016, net receivables of $456 million were associated with the 3Rs with detail of the net receivables (payables) for the 3Rs as follows:

• During the first and third quarters of 2016, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) paid health plans a portion of the estimated reinsurance recoverables for the 2015 plan year. Reinsurance recoverables associated with the 2014 plan year were paid by HHS in the third and fourth quarters of 2015.
• Reinsurance recoverables and net risk adjustment settlements for the 2016 plan year are primarily classified on the December 31, 2016 balance sheet as short-term due to the expected timing for such settlements.
• During December 2016, the company announced that due to a change in interpretation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) associated with a recent court decision ^(e) involving parties unrelated to Humana, it wrote-off $583 million of risk corridor receivables outstanding as of September 30, 2016, in accordance with the applicable accounting rules. The company collected approximately $36 million from CMS for risk corridor receivables associated with the 2014 plan year from inception through December 31, 2016.

Benefits payable

• Days in claims payable (DCP) of 40.6 at December 31, 2016 decreased 2.3 days from 42.9 at September 30, 2016 primarily reflecting the expected seasonal decline in 4Q 2016 as well as a reduction in claims processing time for the commercial businesses. DCP at December 31, 2016 declined 1.0 day from 41.6 at December 31, 2015.
  
  DCP represents the benefits payable at the end of the quarter divided by the average benefits expense per day in the quarter. The company computes this metric excluding: (1) the impact of the Medicare stand-alone PDP and military services businesses, (2) reinsurance expense related to the Individual Commercial business and long-duration products, (3) the PDR related to the 2016 ACA-compliant Individual Commercial policies, and (4) future policy benefits expense associated with reserve strengthening for the company’s non-strategic closed block of long-term care insurance business.

• As previously disclosed, in 4Q 2015, the company recorded a PDR of $176 million related to certain of its 2016 Individual Commercial policies and subsequently increased that PDR by approximately $208 million in the second quarter of 2016. Full-year 2016 estimated losses associated with the PDR were in line with the company’s previous estimate resulting in the application of 4Q 2016 losses to the remaining PDR balance. The PDR had been included on the company’s balance sheet in benefits payable. Activity associated with the PDR during FY16 was as follows:

Debt-to-total capitalization

• Debt-to-total capitalization at December 31, 2016 was 27.7 percent, up 110 basis points from 26.6 percent at September 30, 2016, but below the company’s long-term target range of 30 to 35 percent needed to maintain its investment grade credit rating, providing the company with significant financial flexibility. The sequential change in this ratio primarily reflected lower capital from the net impact of the 4Q 2016 GAAP net loss and the payment of cash dividends during the quarter. The company had $300 million outstanding on its commercial paper program as of both December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016.

• GAAP cash flows used in operations of $2.77 billion in 4Q 2016 compared unfavorably to cash flows provided by operations of $337 million in 4Q 2015 as a result of the company receiving the October 2016 Medicare premium remittance from CMS of $3.03 billion in September 2016 because the payment date of October 1, 2016 fell on a weekend. 4Q 2016 GAAP operating cash flows included two monthly Medicare premium payments from CMS compared to three in 4Q 2015. Additionally, GAAP operating cash flows were impacted by unfavorable year-over-year changes in working capital items, partially offset by higher earnings exclusive of items not impacting operating cash flow on a consolidated basis. Items not impacting operating cash flows on a consolidated basis included the write-off of risk corridor receivables, the reserve strengthening for the company’s non-strategic closed block of long-term care insurance business in 4Q 2016 and the recognition of the PDR in 4Q 2015.
  
  Adjusted cash flows provided by operations for 4Q 2016 of $261 million was $76 million lower than the prior year primarily due to the same factors impacting the quarterly GAAP comparison, while excluding the impact of the early October 2016 remittance from CMS.

• For FY16, GAAP cash flows provided by operations totaled $1.94 billion versus $868 million of cash flows provided by operations during FY15, an increase of $1.07 billion year over year. The year-over-year increase was due to favorable working capital changes and higher earnings exclusive of items not impacting operating cash on a consolidated basis. Working capital changes year over year primarily reflected lower income tax payments, the change in net receivable balances associated with the 3Rs, and one less payroll cycle in FY16 versus FY15, partially offset by the impact on benefits payable year over year from lower membership in the company’s group Medicare Advantage and Individual Commercial businesses. Items not impacting consolidated operating cash flows, and thus excluded from earnings, included, for 2016, the write-off of risk corridor receivables and the reserve strengthening for the company’s non-strategic closed block of long-term care insurance business and, for 2015, gain on the sale of Concentra and the recognition of the PDR.

Share repurchases

• Due to the pending transaction with Aetna, the company suspended its share repurchase program on July 2, 2015. The company’s previous $2 billion share repurchase authorization approved by its Board of Directors in September 2014 expired on December 31, 2016.

Cash dividends

• The company paid cash dividends to its stockholders of $44 million in 4Q 2016 and $43 million in 4Q 2015. Cash dividends of $177 million were paid to the company’s stockholders during FY16 and $172 million during FY15.
• The company’s ability and intent to continue its cash dividends to stockholders is not impacted by the pending transaction with Aetna, although the company has agreed with Aetna that its quarterly dividend will not exceed $0.29 per share prior to closing the transaction. Additionally, as contemplated by the company’s merger agreement with Aetna, Humana has aligned the record and payment dates for its quarterly dividends with those of Aetna.

Humana’s Retail Segment

This segment consists of Medicare benefits, marketed to individuals or directly via group accounts, as well as Individual Commercial fully-insured medical and specialty health insurance benefits, including dental, vision, and other supplemental health and financial protection products. In addition, this segment also includes the company’s contract with CMS to administer the Limited Income Newly Eligible Transition (LI-NET) prescription drug plan program and contracts with various states to provide Medicaid, dual eligible, and Long-Term Support Services (LTSS) benefits. These contracts are collectively referred to as state-based contracts.

Retail Segment Highlights for 2016

Individual Medicare Advantage business

• Operating results for the company’s individual Medicare Advantage business were ahead of the company’s original expectations primarily due to lower-than-projected Medicare Advantage utilization as well as favorable Prior Period Development. Operational initiatives are centered around optimizing the performance of the company’s clinical programs to reduce medical cost trend.

Group Medicare Advantage business

• The company’s group Medicare Advantage business performed ahead of management’s original expectations in FY16, primarily reflecting favorable Prior Period Development. As expected, revenues and earnings for this business were lower than those in FY15, primarily due to the previously disclosed loss of a large profitable account on January 1, 2016 when that account moved to a private exchange.

Stand-alone PDP business

• The company’s stand-alone PDP business performed generally in line with management’s expectations reflecting solid membership growth, higher-than-projected mail-order pharmacy utilization and emerging cost trends that are favorable versus expectations incorporated into 2016 plan designs. Importantly, the company’s Humana-Walmart plan remains a leader in low-price product offerings.

Individual Commercial business

• In 2016, the company offered on-exchange coverage in 15 states. For 2017, the company is offering on-exchange Individual Commercial health plans in 11 states. The company had limited on-exchange membership in the four states where it discontinued that coverage in 2017. Humana also discontinued substantially all ACA-compliant off-exchange Individual Commercial plans effective January 1, 2017.
• As previously disclosed, the company established a $176 million PDR in 4Q 2015 associated with certain of its Individual Commercial policies for 2016. In the second quarter of 2016, the company increased its FY16 PDR by approximately $208 million. Full-year 2016 estimated losses associated with the PDR were unchanged during 4Q 2016 resulting in the application of 4Q 2016 losses to the remaining PDR balance during the quarter.

State-based contracts business

• Operating performance of the company’s state-based contract business exceeded management’s original expectations primarily due to the benefit of a retroactive rate increase for the company’s Medicaid Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) products in Florida, provider network initiatives and the continued rationalization of this business’ administrative cost structure.

• The 4Q 2016 GAAP revenues for the Retail segment were $10.96 billion, a decrease of $403 million, or 4 percent, from $11.36 billion in 4Q 2015 primarily reflecting a reduction of premiums of approximately $583 million related to the write-off of risk corridor receivables, the loss of premiums associated with a large group Medicare account that moved to a private exchange on January 1, 2016, and a decline in premiums revenue associated with lower Individual Commercial membership. These decreases were partially offset by higher average membership for the company’s individual Medicare Advantage and state-based contract businesses, along with per-member premium increases for certain of the segment’s businesses.
  
  The 4Q 2016 Adjusted revenues for the Retail segment of $11.54 billion increased $180 million, or 2 percent, from $11.36 billion in GAAP revenues for 4Q 2015 as the factors positively impacting the GAAP quarterly comparisons more than offset those negatively impacting the GAAP quarterly comparisons, excluding the impact of the risk corridors receivables write-off.

• FY16 GAAP revenues for the Retail segment were $46.66 billion, an increase of $707 million, or 2 percent, from $45.95 billion in FY15, primarily reflecting higher average membership for the company’s individual Medicare Advantage and state-based contract businesses, along with per-member premium increases for certain of the segment’s businesses. These increases were partially offset by the write-off of risk corridor receivables, the loss of premiums associated with a previously discussed large group Medicare account that moved to a private exchange, and a decline in premiums associated with lower Individual Commercial membership.
  
  FY16 Adjusted revenues for the Retail segment of $47.24 billion were impacted by the same factors as the quarterly Adjusted comparisons.

Retail segment enrollment:

• Individual Medicare Advantage membership was 2,837,600 as of December 31, 2016, an increase of 84,200, or 3 percent, from 2,753,400 at December 31, 2015, and up 5,900, or less than 1 percent, from 2,831,700 as of September 30, 2016, primarily due to net membership additions associated with the 2016 plan year, particularly in the company’s HMO offerings.
• January 2017 individual Medicare Advantage membership approximated 2,848,000, up approximately 10,400 from December 31, 2016, reflecting net membership additions during the recently completed Annual Election Period (AEP) for Medicare beneficiaries including the loss of approximately 50,000 members in plans no longer offered for 2017.
• Group Medicare Advantage membership was 355,400 as of December 31, 2016, a decrease of 128,700, or 27 percent, from 484,100 at December 31, 2015 but up 1,500, or less than 1 percent, from 353,900 at September 30, 2016. The year-over-year decrease primarily reflected the previously disclosed loss of a large profitable account on January 1, 2016 as this account moved to a private exchange.
• January 2017 group Medicare Advantage membership approximated 431,000, up approximately 75,600, or 21 percent from December 31, 2016, reflecting net membership additions during the recently completed AEP for Medicare beneficiaries.
• Membership in the company’s stand-alone PDP offerings was 4,951,400 as of December 31, 2016, an increase of 393,500, or 9 percent, from 4,557,900 at December 31, 2015, and up 38,000, or 1 percent, from 4,913,400 as of September 30, 2016. These increases primarily resulted from growth in the company’s low-price Humana-Walmart plan offering.
• January 2017 stand-alone PDP membership approximated 5,174,000, up approximately 222,600, or 4 percent from December 31, 2016, reflecting net membership additions during the recently completed AEP for Medicare beneficiaries.
• Individual Commercial membership of 654,800 as of December 31, 2016, was down 244,300, or 27 percent, from 899,100 at December 31, 2015, and down 71,400, or 10 percent, from 726,200 at September 30, 2016. The year-over-year and sequential changes primarily reflected the loss of on-exchange membership due to product competiveness, loss of membership associated with ACA-compliant plan discontinuances, loss of membership associated with non-payment of premiums or termination by CMS due to lack of eligibility documentation, and lower membership in legacy (non-ACA-compliant) plans.
• January 2017 Individual Commercial membership approximated 204,000, including 152,000 members enrolled in ACA-compliant plans. The decline of approximately 450,800, or 69 percent from December 31, 2016 reflects net membership declines during the on-going open enrollment period for healthcare exchanges and the impact of product and service area reductions.
• State-based contracts membership (including dual-eligible demonstration members) was 388,100 as of December 31, 2016, an increase of 14,400, or 4 percent, from 373,700 at December 31 2015, but down 2,000, or 1 percent, from 390,100 at September 30, 2016. The year-over-year increase was primarily driven by the addition of membership under the Florida state-based contracts.
• Membership in individual specialty products ⁽ⁱ⁾ was 1,088,100 as of December 31, 2016, a decrease of 65,000, or 6 percent, from 1,153,100 at December 31, 2015, and down 37,200, or 3 percent, from 1,125,300 at September 30, 2016. These decreases primarily resulted from the loss of Individual Commercial members that also had specialty coverage.

• The 4Q 2016 GAAP benefit ratio for the Retail segment of 87.5 percent decreased 20 basis points from 87.7 percent in 4Q 2015 primarily due to the favorable impact from lower year-over-year Medicare Advantage utilization, favorable comparisons of Prior Period Development, including favorable development related to the first three quarters of 2016, and the 4Q 2015 PDR recorded related to certain of the company’s 2016 Individual Commercial policies, partially offset by the impact on the Retail segment benefit ratio of lower premiums associated with the $583 million write-off of risk corridor receivables.
  
  The 4Q 2016 Adjusted benefit ratio for the Retail segment of 83.0 percent decreased 310 basis points from 86.1 percent in 4Q 2015 primarily due to the same factors impacting the quarterly GAAP comparison while excluding the quarterly impact of the items detailed in the Retail segment benefit ratio table above.

• The FY16 GAAP benefit ratio for the Retail segment of 86.2 percent was 50 basis points lower than the FY15 ratio of 86.7 percent reflecting the same factors impacting the quarterly comparison, exclusive of favorable development related to the first three quarters of 2016.
  
  The FY16 Adjusted benefit ratio for the Retail segment of 85.2 percent decreased 110 basis points from the FY15 Adjusted benefit ratio of 86.3 percent primarily reflecting the same factors impacting comparisons of the full-year GAAP ratios while excluding the full-year impact of the items detailed in the Retail segment benefit ratio table above.

• The Retail segment Prior Period Development increased to $52 million in 4Q 2016 compared to unfavorable development of $14 million in 4Q 2015. This increase primarily related to favorable year-over-year comparisons for the company’s Medicare Advantage business and Individual Commercial businesses. Prior Period Development decreased the 4Q 2016 Retail segment benefit ratio by 50 basis points while increasing the ratio by 10 basis points in 4Q 2015.
• Prior Period Development for the Retail segment for FY16 increased to $535 million compared to $228 million in FY15 reflecting the same factors impacting year-over-year comparisons for the fourth quarter. Prior Period Development decreased the FY16 consolidated benefit ratio by 110 basis points versus 50 basis points in FY15.

• The Retail segment’s GAAP operating cost ratio of 13.8 percent in 4Q 2016 increased 130 basis points from 12.5 percent in 4Q 2015. The ratio increased year over year due to the impact on premiums associated with the write-off of risk corridor receivables and comparison to unusually low operating expenses in 4Q 2015 resulting from the temporary suspension of certain discretionary administrative costs, along with the previously-disclosed loss of the large group Medicare Advantage account (which carried a lower operating cost ratio than that for individual Medicare Advantage business).
  
  The Retail segment’s Adjusted operating cost ratio of 13.1 percent in 4Q 2016 increased 60 basis points versus the 4Q 2015 GAAP operating cost ratio of 12.5 percent primarily due to the same factors driving the GAAP year-over-year comparison for the fourth quarter, while excluding the impact of the write-off of risk corridor receivables.

• The Retail segment’s FY16 GAAP operating cost ratio of 11.5 percent was 30 basis points higher than 11.2 percent in FY15. The Retail segment’s FY16 Adjusted operating cost ratio of 11.3 percent was 10 basis points higher than the FY15 GAAP operating cost ratio of 11.2 percent. Full-year changes associated with the GAAP and Adjusted operating cost ratios reflect the same factors impacting the quarterly comparisons. The company has also continued to drive administrative cost efficiencies while maintaining its focus on the consumer and provider experience.
• The non-deductible health insurance industry fee increased the Retail segment’s GAAP operating cost ratio by approximately 180 basis points in 4Q 2016 and by 170 basis points in 4Q 2015, while increasing the segment’s GAAP operating cost ratio by approximately 170 basis points in FY16 versus 160 basis points in FY15.

• The Retail segment’s GAAP pretax loss of $181 million in 4Q 2016 compared to a GAAP pretax loss for the segment of $30 million in 4Q 2015, a pretax loss of $151 million more than the prior year’s quarter primarily due to the 4Q 2016 impact of the risk corridor receivables write-off, partially offset by the impact of the 4Q 2015 $176 million PDR related to certain 2016 Individual Commercial policies and higher pretax earnings for the company’s individual Medicare Advantage business year over year.
  
  Adjusted pretax income for the Retail segment of $408 million in 4Q 2016 increased $255 million, or 167 percent, from $153 million in 4Q 2015 reflecting the same factors impacting the GAAP comparison, while excluding the quarterly impact of the items detailed in the Retail segment pretax (loss) income table above.

• For FY16, GAAP pretax income for the Retail Segment of $937 million increased by $7 million, or 1 percent, versus the segment’s GAAP pretax income of $930 million for FY15 reflecting improvement in the company’s individual Medicare Advantage and state-based contracts businesses along with the favorable year-over-year impact of the PDR recorded in 4Q 2015 related to certain 2016 Individual Commercial policies, substantially offset by the write-off of risk corridor receivables.
  
  Adjusted pretax income for the Retail segment of $1.55 billion in FY16 increased $412 million, or 36 percent, from $1.13 billion of Adjusted pretax income for the Retail segment in FY15 also primarily driven by the same factors impacting the full-year GAAP comparisons, while excluding the full-year impact of the items detailed in the Retail segment pretax (loss) income table above.

Humana’s Group Segment

This segment consists of employer group commercial fully-insured medical and specialty health insurance benefits, including dental, vision, and other supplemental health and voluntary insurance benefits, as well as Administrative Services Only (ASO) products. In addition, the Group segment includes health and wellness products (primarily marketed to employer groups) and military services business, primarily the TRICARE South Region contract.

Group Segment Highlights for 2016

• The Group segment’s operating performance was in line with management’s original expectations.
• The company’s current military services business 5-year South Region contract, which expires on March 31, 2017, is subject to annual renewals on April 1 of each year during its term at the government’s option. On March 30, 2016, the company received notice that the Defense Health Agency (DHA) exercised its option to extend the TRICARE South Region contract through March 31, 2017. On July 21, 2016, the company was notified by the DHA that it was awarded the contract for the TRICARE East Region, which is a consolidation of the former North and South Regions, with the delivery of health care services expected to commence on October 1, 2017. The next generation East Region and West Region contract awards are currently subject to protests by unsuccessful bidders in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims and before the DHA.

Group segment revenues:

• The 4Q 2016 revenues for the Group segment were $1.82 billion, down $35 million, or 2 percent, from $1.85 billion in 4Q 2015, primarily reflecting declines in average fully-insured and ASO commercial group medical membership, partially offset by an increase in fully-insured group medical per-member premiums.
• The FY16 revenues for the Group segment were $7.25 billion, a decrease of $137 million, or 2 percent, from $7.39 billion in FY15, primarily reflecting the same factors impacting the year-over-year comparison for the fourth quarter.

Group segment enrollment:

• Group fully-insured commercial medical membership was 1,136,000 at December 31, 2016, a decrease of 42,300, or 4 percent, from 1,178,300 at December 31, 2015, but slightly up 4,500, or less than 1 percent, from 1,131,500 at September 30, 2016. The year-over-year change is reflective of lower membership in both large group and small group accounts. The portion of group fully-insured commercial medical membership in small group accounts (2-99 sized employer groups) was approximately 65 percent at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 and 66 percent at September 30, 2016.
• Group ASO commercial medical membership was 573,200 at December 31, 2016, a decline of 137,500, or 19 percent, from 710,700 at December 31, 2015, while slightly up 2,900, or 1 percent from 570,300 at September 30, 2016. The year-over-year decline primarily reflects the loss of certain large group accounts due to continued discipline in pricing of services for self-funded accounts amid a highly competitive environment.
• Military services membership was 3,084,100 at December 31, 2016, a slight increase of 9,700, or less than 1 percent, from 3,074,400 at December 31, 2015, and up 3,200, or less than 1 percent, versus 3,080,900 at September 30, 2016.
• Membership in Group specialty products was 5,873,100 at December 31, 2016, a decline of 195,600, or 3 percent, from 6,068,700 at December 31, 2015, but up 43,200, or 1 percent, from 5,829,900 at September 30, 2016. The year-over-year decrease primarily resulted from the loss of several large stand-alone dental and vision accounts, along with the loss of certain fully-insured group medical accounts that also had specialty coverage.
• Membership in Go365^TM (known as HumanaVitality®prior to January 2017), the company’s wellness and loyalty rewards program, was 3,649,100 at December 31, 2016, a decrease of 283,200, or 7 percent, from 3,932,300 at December 31, 2015, and down 22,800, or 1 percent, from 3,671,900 at September 30, 2016. The declines in membership primarily reflect the decline in group Medicare Advantage membership from the loss of the large account on January 1, 2016 discussed above and Individual Commercial membership declines.

Group segment benefits expense:

• The 4Q 2016 benefit ratio for the Group segment was 82.0 percent, a decrease of 120 basis points from 83.2 percent for 4Q 2015. The year-over-year decrease in the benefit ratio primarily reflects lower utilization along with favorable development in 4Q 2016 related to the first three quarters of 2016.
• The FY16 benefit ratio for the Group segment of 79.6 percent decreased 60 basis points from the 80.2 percent ratio for FY15, primarily reflecting the beneficial effect of higher Prior Period Development in FY16 and lower-than-projected utilization.

• The Group segment Prior Period Development was $5 million in 4Q 2016 and in 4Q 2015. Prior Period Development lowered the Group segment benefit ratio by 30 basis points in 4Q 2016 and 4Q 2015.
• Prior Period Development for the Group segment for FY16 was $46 million compared to $7 million in FY15. Prior Period Development lowered the Group segment benefit ratio by 70 basis points in FY16 and by 10 basis points in FY15.

Group segment operating costs:

• The Group segment’s operating cost ratio was 26.4 percent in 4Q 2016, an increase of 220 basis points from 24.2 percent in 4Q 2015, primarily due to the comparison to unusually low operating expenses in the prior year resulting from the temporary suspension of certain discretionary administrative costs.
• The Group segment’s operating cost ratio of 24.6 percent for FY16, an increase of 60 basis points compared to the FY15 ratio of 24.0 percent primarily due to the same factor impacting the quarterly comparison.
• The non-deductible health insurance industry fee negatively impacted the Group segment’s operating cost ratio by approximately 140 basis points in 4Q 2016 and 4Q 2015, while also increasing the segment’s GAAP operating cost ratio by approximately 150 basis points in FY16 versus 140 basis points in FY15.

• The Group segment’s GAAP pretax loss of $14 million in 4Q 2016 compared to GAAP pretax income of $22 million in 4Q 2015, a decrease of $36 million, or 164 percent. The decline reflects the impact of an increase in the segment’s operating cost ratio, partially offset by the improvement in the segment’s benefit ratio on a lower base of revenues.
  
  The Adjusted pretax loss for the Group segment of $13 million in 4Q 2016 decreased $38 million, or 152 percent, from $25 million of Adjusted pretax income in 4Q 2015 reflecting the same factors impacting the quarterly GAAP comparison, while excluding the quarterly impact of amortization associated with identifiable intangibles.

• The Group segment’s GAAP pretax income of $257 million in FY16 was relatively unchanged from the GAAP pretax income of $258 million in FY15 as a higher operating cost ratio was substantially offset by a lower benefit ratio for the segment.
  
  Adjusted pretax income for the Group segment of $263 million in FY16 decreased $7 million, or 3 percent, from $270 million in FY15 reflecting the same factors impacting the full-year GAAP comparison while excluding the full-year impact of amortization associated with identifiable intangibles.

Humana’s Healthcare Services Segment

This segment includes services offered to the company’s health plan members as well as to third parties, including pharmacy solutions, provider services, home based services, and clinical programs, as well as services and capabilities to advance population health.

Healthcare Services Segment Highlights for 2016

• Operating performance for the Healthcare Services segment outperformed management’s original expectations, primarily driven by higher-than-projected operating performance in the company’s pharmacy solutions business, including higher mail order utilization and improvement in key operating metrics, as well as enhanced consumer participation and engagement in the company’s clinical programs.
• FY16 results exclude the impact of the company’s Concentra operations which were sold in June 2015.

Healthcare Services segment revenues:

• Revenue of $6.33 billion in 4Q 2016 for the Healthcare Services segment increased $349 million, or 6 percent, from $5.98 billion in 4Q 2015, resulting from increased mail-order penetration along with growth in the company’s individual Medicare Advantage and stand-alone PDP membership which resulted in increased engagement of members in clinical programs and higher utilization of the Healthcare Services businesses.
• FY16 revenue for the Healthcare Services segment was $25.12 billion, an increase of $1.52 billion, or 6 percent, from $23.61 billion in FY15 primarily reflecting the same factors impacting the year-over-year comparison for the fourth quarter, partially offset by lower external services revenues due to the previously discussed sale of the Concentra business in June 2015.

Healthcare Services segment operating costs:

• The Healthcare Services segment’s operating cost ratio of 95.4 percent in 4Q 2016 was equivalent to the 4Q 2015 ratio.
• The Healthcare Services segment’s operating cost ratio of 95.4 percent for FY16 was slightly higher compared to the FY15 ratio of 95.2 percent primarily reflecting a higher operating cost ratio for the company’s provider services business, partially offset by operating cost efficiencies associated with the company’s pharmacy operations. The higher ratio for the company’s provider services business primarily reflected significantly lower Medicare rates year over year associated with CMS’ risk coding recalibration for 2016 in geographies where the company’s provider assets are primarily located.

Healthcare Services segment operating statistics:

• Primary care providers in value-based (shared risk and path to risk) relationships of 50,400 at December 31, 2016 increased 11 percent from 45,500 at December 31, 2015 and increased 2 percent from 49,600 at September 30, 2016. At December 31, 2016, 64 percent of the company’s individual Medicare Advantage members were in value-based relationships compared to 59 percent at December 31, 2015 and 63 percent at September 30, 2016.
• Medicare Advantage membership in the Humana Chronic Care Program rose to 622,300 at December 31, 2016, up 5 percent from 590,300 at December 31, 2015 and up 1 percent from 614,700 at September 30, 2016. These increases reflected greater focus on members living with the most chronic conditions. Enhanced predictive modeling capabilities and proactive clinical outreach and engagement of those members helped drive increased clinical program participation, offset by the loss of engaged members associated with the previously-disclosed group Medicare Advantage account that termed on January 1, 2016. The company continues to refine its clinical management programs to help optimize the quality of healthcare for its members and ensure appropriate returns on its investments.
• Pharmacy script volumes of 109 million for 4Q 2016 increased 6 percent compared to 103 million for 4Q 2015, primarily driven by higher average medical membership. FY16 pharmacy script volumes of 426 million increased 7 percent compared to 398 million for FY15 primarily reflecting the same factor impacting the year-over-year comparison for the fourth quarter.

• Healthcare Services segment GAAP pretax income of $267 million in 4Q 2016 increased by $23 million, or 9 percent, from GAAP pretax income of $244 million in 4Q 2015. The fourth quarter year-over-year GAAP change for the Healthcare Services segment primarily resulted from incremental earnings associated with revenue growth from the pharmacy solutions business as it increased mail-order penetration and served the company’s growing individual Medicare membership. The increase was partially offset by on-going pressures in the company’s provider services business reflecting significantly lower Medicare rates year over year discussed above. Adjusted pretax income for the Healthcare Services segment of $278 million was up $23 million, or 9 percent, compared to $255 million in 4Q 2015 reflecting the same factors impacting the quarterly GAAP comparison, while excluding the quarterly impact of amortization associated with identifiable intangibles.
• FY16 GAAP pretax income for the Healthcare Services segment of $1.07 billion increased by $86 million, or 9 percent, from FY15 GAAP pretax earnings of $981 million. The year-over-year GAAP change primarily reflected the same factors impacting the year-over-year comparison for the fourth quarter partially offset by the negative comparison associated with the sale of Concentra in June 2015. The segment’s Adjusted pretax income for FY16 of $1.11 billion increased $79 million, or 8 percent, versus the FY15 Adjusted pretax income for the Healthcare Services segment of $1.03 billion reflecting the same factors impacting the full-year GAAP comparison, while excluding the full-year impact of amortization associated with identifiable intangibles.

Detailed press release

Humana’s full earnings press release including the statistical pages has been posted to the company’s Investor Relations site and may be accessed at http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=92913&p=irol-IRHome or via a current report on Form 8-K filed by the company with the Securities and Exchange Commission this morning (available at www.sec.gov or on the company’s website).

Footnotes

(a) 4Q 2016 Adjusted results exclude the following:

• Pretax transaction and integration costs of $23 million, or $0.15 per diluted common share, associated with the pending transaction with Aetna; GAAP measures affected in this release include the consolidated operating cost ratio, consolidated pretax income and EPS.
• Pretax amortization expense associated with identifiable intangibles of $18 million (consolidated), or $0.08 per diluted common share; GAAP measures affected in this release include consolidated pretax income, EPS and segment pretax results (for each segment’s amount of such amortization).
• The pretax write-off of approximately $583 million, or $2.43 per diluted common share, in risk corridor receivables associated with the premium stabilization program; GAAP measures affected in this release include consolidated premiums, consolidated revenues, consolidated pretax income, EPS, consolidated benefit ratio, consolidated operating cost ratio, Retail segment premiums, Retail segment revenues, Retail segment pretax income, Retail segment benefit ratio, and Retail segment operating cost ratio. See related footnote (e).
• Pretax expenses of $505 million, or $2.11 per diluted common share, of reserve strengthening related to the company’s non-strategic closed block of long-term care insurance business (included in “Other Businesses” in company’s consolidating statement of operations); GAAP measures affected in this release include the consolidated benefit ratio, consolidated pretax income and EPS. See related footnote (f).

(b) 4Q 2015 Adjusted results exclude the following:

• Pretax transaction and integration costs of $12 million, or $0.08 per diluted common share, associated with the pending transaction with Aetna; GAAP measures affected in this release include the consolidated operating cost ratio, consolidated pretax income and EPS.
• Pretax amortization expense associated with identifiable intangibles of $21 million (consolidated), or $0.09 per diluted common share; GAAP measures affected in this release include consolidated pretax income, EPS and segment pretax results (for each segment’s amount of such amortization). Beginning with its first quarter 2016 results, the company has been adjusting for the exclusion of amortization of identifiable intangibles to align with reporting methods used across the managed care sector. For comparability to 4Q 2016, adjusted amounts for 4Q 2015 have been recast to also reflect the amortization adjustment.
• A premium deficiency reserve of $176 million, or $0.74 per diluted common share, related to the company’s 2016 ACA-compliant Individual Commercial offerings; GAAP measures affected in this release include the consolidated benefit ratio, consolidated pretax income, EPS, the Retail segment benefit ratio and the Retail segment pretax income.
• A pretax gain of $3 million, or approximately $0.04 per diluted common, associated with the completion of the company’s sale of its wholly-owned subsidiary, Concentra on June 1, 2015; GAAP measures affected in this release include consolidated pretax income and EPS.

(c) FY16 Adjusted results exclude the following:

• Pretax transaction and integration costs of $104 million, or $0.64 per diluted common share, associated with the pending transaction with Aetna; GAAP measures affected in this release include the consolidated operating cost ratio, consolidated pretax income and EPS.
• Pretax amortization expense associated with identifiable intangibles of $77 million (consolidated), or $0.32 per diluted common share; GAAP measures affected in this release include consolidated pretax income, EPS and segment pretax results (for each segment’s amount of such amortization).
• The pretax write-off of approximately $583 million, or $2.43 per diluted common share, in receivables associated with the risk corridor premium stabilization program; GAAP measures affected in this release include consolidated premiums, consolidated revenues, consolidated pretax income, EPS, consolidated benefit ratio, consolidated operating cost ratio, Retail segment premiums, Retail segment revenues, Retail segment pretax income, Retail segment benefit ratio, and Retail segment operating cost ratio. See related footnote (e).
• Pretax expenses of $505 million, or $2.11 per diluted common share, of reserve strengthening related to the company’s non-strategic closed block of long-term care insurance business (included in “Other Businesses” in company’s consolidating statement of operations); GAAP measures affected in this release include the consolidated benefit ratio, consolidated pretax income and EPS. See related footnote (f).

(d) FY15 Adjusted results exclude the following:

• Pretax transaction and integration costs of $23 million, or $0.14 per diluted common share, associated with the pending transaction with Aetna; GAAP measures affected in this release include the consolidated operating cost ratio, consolidated pretax income and EPS.
• Pretax amortization expense associated with identifiable intangibles of $93 million (consolidated), or $0.39 per diluted common share; GAAP measures affected in this release include consolidated pretax income, EPS and segment pretax results (for each segment’s amount of such amortization). Beginning with its first quarter 2016 results, the company has been adjusting for the exclusion of amortization of identifiable intangibles to align with reporting methods used across the managed care sector. For comparability to FY16, adjusted amounts for FY15 have been recast to also reflect the amortization adjustment.
• A premium deficiency reserve of $176 million, or $0.74 per diluted common share, related to the company’s 2016 ACA-compliant Individual Commercial offerings; GAAP measures affected in this release include the consolidated benefit ratio, consolidated pretax income, EPS, the Retail segment benefit ratio and the Retail segment pretax income.
• A pretax gain of $270 million, or approximately $1.57 per diluted common share, associated with the completion of the company’s sale of its wholly-owned subsidiary, Concentra on June 1, 2015; GAAP measures affected in this release include consolidated pretax income and EPS.

Cautionary Statement

This news release includes forward‐looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. When used in investor presentations, press releases, Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings, and in oral statements made by or with the approval of one of Humana’s executive officers, the words or phrases like “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “likely will result,” “estimates,” “projects” or variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward‐looking statements.

These forward‐looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, including, among other things, Humana’s and Aetna’s actions with respect to the pending Department of Justice (DOJ) litigation; the outcome of the pending litigation in which the DOJ is seeking to block the transaction; the timing to consummate the transaction if it is not blocked; the terms and the timing of divestiture agreements entered into by Humana and Aetna to address the DOJ’s perceived competitive concerns regarding Medicare Advantage; the risk that a condition to closing of the transaction may not be satisfied or that the closing of the transaction otherwise does not occur; the risk that a regulatory approval required for the transaction is delayed, is not obtained or is obtained subject to conditions that are not anticipated; the outcome of various litigation matters related to the transaction that are in addition to the pending DOJ litigation; the diversion of management time on transaction‐related issues (including the pending DOJ litigation); as well as information set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of the company’s SEC filings, a summary of which includes but is not limited to the following:

• Humana’s transaction with Aetna is subject to various closing conditions, including governmental and regulatory approvals as well as other uncertainties and there can be no assurances as to whether and when it may be completed.
• The merger agreement between Humana and Aetna prohibits Humana from pursuing alternative transactions to the pending transaction with Aetna.
• The number of shares of Aetna common stock that Humana’s stockholders will receive in the transaction is based on a fixed exchange ratio. Because the market price of Aetna’s common stock will fluctuate, Humana’s stockholders cannot be certain of the value of the portion of the transaction consideration to be paid in Aetna’s common stock.
• While the transaction with Aetna is pending, Humana is subject to business uncertainties and contractual restrictions that could materially adversely affect Humana’s results of operations, financial position and cash flows or result in a loss of employees, customers, members or suppliers.
• Failure to consummate the transaction with Aetna could negatively impact Humana’s results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
• The filing of a civil antitrust complaint against us and Aetna is delaying, and could ultimately prevent, the consummation of the merger with Aetna.
• Delays in completing the Merger will delay the benefits expected to be achieved by the Merger.
• The timing of the closing of the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreements between Humana and Molina Healthcare, Inc., and between Aetna and Molina Healthcare, Inc., are uncertain, and may delay the completion of the merger between Humana and Aetna for a significant period of time.
• If Humana does not design and price its products properly and competitively, if the premiums Humana receives are insufficient to cover the cost of health care services delivered to its members, if the company is unable to implement clinical initiatives to provide a better health care experience for its members, lower costs and appropriately document the risk profile of its members, or if its estimates of benefits expense are inadequate, Humana’s profitability could be materially adversely affected. Humana estimates the costs of its benefit expense payments, and designs and prices its products accordingly, using actuarial methods and assumptions based upon, among other relevant factors, claim payment patterns, medical cost inflation, and historical developments such as claim inventory levels and claim receipt patterns. We continually review estimates of future payments relating to benefit expenses for services incurred in the current and prior periods and make necessary adjustments to our reserves, including premium deficiency reserves, where appropriate. These estimates, however, involve extensive judgment, and have considerable inherent variability because they are extremely sensitive to changes in claim payment patterns and medical cost trends, so any reserves we may establish, including premium deficiency reserves, may be insufficient. In addition, there can be no guarantees that any reconsideration that Humana may file with respect to certain of the Company’s Star rating measures for the 2018 bonus year will be successful, that operational measures Humana may take will successfully mitigate any negative effects of Star quality ratings for the 2018 bonus year, or that Humana will not experience a decline in membership growth for 2017 or 2018 as a result of the Company’s 2018 bonus year Star ratings.
• If Humana fails to effectively implement its operational and strategic initiatives, particularly its Medicare initiatives, state-based contract strategy, and its participation in the new health insurance exchanges, the company’s business may be materially adversely affected, which is of particular importance given the concentration of the company’s revenues in these products.
• If Humana fails to properly maintain the integrity of its data, to strategically implement new information systems, to protect Humana’s proprietary rights to its systems, or to defend against cyber‐security attacks, the company’s business may be materially adversely affected.
• Humana’s business may be materially adversely impacted by the adoption of a new coding set for diagnoses (commonly known as ICD‐10), the implementation of which became effective on October 1, 2015. Humana is involved in various legal actions, or disputes that could lead to legal actions (such as, among other things, provider contract disputes relating to rate adjustments resulting from the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, as amended, commonly referred to as “sequestration”; other provider contract disputes; and qui tam litigation brought by individuals on behalf of the government) and governmental and internal investigations, any of which, if resolved unfavorably to the company, could result in substantial monetary damages or changes in its business practices. Increased litigation and negative publicity could also increase the company’s cost of doing business.
• As a government contractor, Humana is exposed to risks that may materially adversely affect its business or its willingness or ability to participate in government health care programs including, among other things, loss of material government contracts, governmental audits and investigations, potential inadequacy of government determined payment rates, potential restrictions on profitability, including by comparison of profitability of the company’s Medicare Advantage business to non‐Medicare Advantage business, or other changes in the governmental programs in which Humana participates.
• The Health Care Reform Law, including The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and The Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, could have a material adverse effect on Humana’s results of operations, including restricting revenue, enrollment and premium growth in certain products and market segments, restricting the company’s ability to expand into new markets, increasing the company’s medical and operating costs by, among other things, requiring a minimum benefit ratio on insured products, lowering the company’s Medicare payment rates and increasing the company’s expenses associated with a non‐deductible health insurance industry fee and other assessments; the company’s financial position, including the company’s ability to maintain the value of its goodwill; and the company’s cash flows. Additionally, potential legislative changes, including activities to repeal or replace the Health Care Reform Law, creates uncertainty for the company’s business, and it cannot predict when, or in what form, such legislative changes may occur.
• Humana’s participation in the federal and state health insurance exchanges, which entail uncertainties associated with mix, volume of business and the operation of premium stabilization programs that are subject to federal administrative action, could adversely affect the company’s results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
• Humana’s business activities are subject to substantial government regulation. New laws or regulations, or changes in existing laws or regulations or their manner of application could increase the company’s cost of doing business and may adversely affect the company’s business, profitability and cash flows.
• If Humana fails to develop and maintain satisfactory relationships with the providers of care to its members, the company’s business may be adversely affected.
• Humana’s pharmacy business is highly competitive and subjects it to regulations in addition to those the company faces with its core health benefits businesses.
• Changes in the prescription drug industry pricing benchmarks may adversely affect Humana’s financial performance.
• If Humana does not continue to earn and retain purchase discounts and volume rebates from pharmaceutical manufacturers at current levels, Humana’s gross margins may decline.
• Humana’s ability to obtain funds from certain of its licensed subsidiaries is restricted by state insurance regulations.
• Downgrades in Humana’s debt ratings, should they occur, may adversely affect its business, results of operations, and financial condition.
• The securities and credit markets may experience volatility and disruption, which may adversely affect Humana’s business.

In making forward‐looking statements, Humana is not undertaking to address or update them in future filings or communications regarding its business or results. In light of these risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, the forward‐looking events discussed herein may or may not occur. There also may be other risks that the company is unable to predict at this time. Any of these risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from the results discussed in the forward‐looking statements.

Humana advises investors to read the following documents as filed by the company with the SEC for further discussion both of the risks it faces and its historical performance:

• Form 10‐K for the year ended December 31, 2015;
• Form 10‐Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2016, June 30, 2016, and September 30, 2016;
• Form 8‐Ks filed during 2016 and 2017.

About Humana

Humana Inc., headquartered in Louisville, Ky., is a leading health and well-being company focused on making it easy for people to achieve their best health with clinical excellence through coordinated care. The company’s strategy integrates care delivery, the member experience, and clinical and consumer insights to encourage engagement, behavior change, proactive clinical outreach and wellness for the millions of people we serve across the country.

More information regarding Humana is available to investors via the Investor Relations page of the company’s web site at humana.com, including copies of:

• Annual reports to stockholders
• Securities and Exchange Commission filings
• Most recent investor conference presentations
• Quarterly earnings news releases
• Calendar of events
• Corporate Governance information

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