Monsanto's Intacta soybeans have a gene that allows the soybean plant to protect itself against crop-devouring worms.

The Argentine Rural Society, or SRA, which represent medium- to large-scale producers, filed the complaint before the National Commission for the Defense of Competition, or CNDC. The SRA argues that under local law farmers must pay for Monsanto technology only at the time they originally buy seeds.

The company wants them to pay to plant second-generation seeds produced on the farm with Intacta technology.

Argentina's previous government, which left office in December when President Mauricio Macri was sworn in, argued that Monsanto should only collect royalties upon the initial purchase of Intacta seeds.

"The system instituted by Monsanto is an abuse of the company's dominant position in the market," the SRA said in a statement.

Monsanto said it is cooperating with the investigation.

"We conduct our business in an honest, transparent, and respectful manner, and we trust that the CNDC will understand this when it completes its investigation," the company said in a statement.

(Reporting by Maximiliano Rizzi; Writing by Hugh Bronstein; Editing by Sandra Maler and Dan Grebler)