Ardagh S A : INDEX TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Form 6-K)

INDEX TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ARDAGH METAL PACKAGING S.A.

CONSOLIDATED INTERIM INCOME STATEMENT

The accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are an integral part of
these unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

ARDAGH METAL PACKAGING S.A.

CONSOLIDATED INTERIM INCOME STATEMENT

The accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are an integral part of
these unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

ARDAGH METAL PACKAGING S.A.

CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

The accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are an integral part of

these unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

ARDAGH METAL PACKAGING S.A.

CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

The accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are an integral part of

these unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

ARDAGH METAL PACKAGING S.A.

CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

The accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are an integral part of

these unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

ARDAGH METAL PACKAGING S.A.

CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

The accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

ARDAGH METAL PACKAGING S.A.

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. General information

Ardagh Metal Packaging S.A. (the "Company" or "AMPSA") was incorporated on January 21, 2021, in order to effect a reorganization and subject to its completion, acquire the Metal Packaging operations (together the "AMP Business" or the "Business") of Ardagh Group S.A. ("AGSA"). Prior to the reorganization and throughout the periods presented, the AMP Business was owned by AGSA and its subsidiaries ("Ardagh" or "the Ardagh Group"). Prior to the reorganization, the Company had no assets or liabilities, other than those associated with its formation, and did not conduct any operations until the completion of the reorganization.

The AMP Business has historically operated as part of Ardagh and not as a separate stand-alone entity or group.

The Group is a leading supplier of metal beverage cans globally, with a particular focus on the Americas and Europe. The business supplies sustainable and infinitely recyclable metal packaging to a diversified customer base of leading global, regional and national beverage producers. AMP operates 23 production facilities in Europe and the Americas, employs approximately 4,900 people and recorded revenues of $3.5 billion in 2020.

On August 4, 2021, in accordance with the terms of the previously announced business combination agreement (the "Business Combination Agreement"), dated as of February 22, 2021, among AGSA, AMPSA, Ardagh MP MergeCo Inc., a newly formed Delaware corporation that is a wholly-owned subsidiary of AMPSA ("MergeCo") and Gores Holdings V, Inc., a Delaware corporation that was a special purpose acquisition company ("Gores Holdings V"), the parties effected the merger of MergeCo with and into Gores Holdings V, with Gores Holdings V being the surviving corporation as a wholly-owned subsidiary of AMP (the "Merger", and, together with the other transactions contemplated in the Business Combination Agreement, the "Business Combination") to create an independent, pure-play beverage can public company (the "Group" or "AMP").

In connection with the transactions, on March 12, 2021, two affiliates of the Ardagh Group (the "Co-Issuers") issued green bonds of $2.8 billion equivalent, consisting of €450 million 2.000% Senior Secured Notes due 2028, $600 million 3.250% Senior Secured Notes due 2028, €500 million 3.000% Senior Notes due 2029 and $1,050 million 4.000% Senior Notes due 2029 (the "AMP Notes Issuance").

In connection with the AMP Notes Issuance, Ardagh designated the Co-Issuers and the AMP Entities as unrestricted subsidiaries under its bond indentures and the Global Asset Based Loan Facility.

In connection with the proposed business combination, the Ardagh Group effected on April 1, 2021 a series of transactions that resulted in (a) the equity interests of Ardagh Packaging Holdings Limited, an Irish subsidiary of the Group, and certain other subsidiaries of the Ardagh Group that are engaged in the metal beverage can business being directly or indirectly owned by AMPSA (all such entities collectively, the "AMP Entities") and (b) any assets and liabilities relating to the business of the Ardagh Group (other than the AMP Business) that are held by the AMP Entities being transferred to subsidiaries of the Ardagh Group that are not AMP Entities, and assets and liabilities relating to the AMP Business that are held by subsidiaries of the Ardagh Group (other than the AMP Entities) being transferred to the AMP Entities (such transactions, collectively, the "AMP Transfer").

At the closing of the Merger on 4 August 2021, pursuant to the terms of subscription agreements dated February 22, 2021, among AMP, Gores Holdings V and certain investors in a private placement (the "PIPE Investors"), the PIPE Investors subscribed for and purchased shares of AMPSA at a purchase price of $10 per share, for an aggregate cash amount of $695 million (the "PIPE Investment"), which included 9.5 million of shares acquired pursuant to the "back stop" provisions of the subscription agreement entered into by the Gores Holdings V sponsor. In addition, at the closing of the Merger all shares of Gores Holdings V Class A common stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the Merger (after giving effect to any requested stockholder redemptions) were contributed to AMPSA in exchange for newly issued AMPSA shares, and all warrants exercisable for the purchase of shares in Gores Holdings V were converted into warrants exercisable for the purchase of shares in AMPSA. Following the completion of the Business Combination, Ardagh holds approximately 82%, the PIPE Investors hold approximately 11%, and the Gores Holdings V stockholders and its sponsor hold approximately 7%, of AMPSA's shares.

In addition to retaining AMPSA shares constituting approximately 82% AMPSA's outstanding shares, Ardagh received in the Business Combination (a) $2,315,000,000 in cash paid upon the consummation of the AMP Transfer (which was funded from the proceeds of the AMP Notes Issuance), and (b) approximately $1 billion in cash paid upon the consummation of the Merger and the PIPE Investment in order to settle a promissory note left outstanding as part of the AMP Transfers ("AMP Promissory Note"). AGSA also has a contingent right to receive up to 60.73 million additional shares in AMPSA (the "Earnout Shares") upon the achievement of certain performance measures. Please refer to note 12 for further details.

On August 5, 2021, AMPSA listed its shares and warrants on the New York Stock Exchange under the new ticker symbols "AMBP" and "AMBPW", respectively.

On August 6, 2021, AMPSA and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a Global Asset Based Loan Facility in the amount of $300 million, which amount will be increased to $325 million upon the delivery to the lenders of certain corporate authorizations.

In connection with the AMP Transfers AGSA and AMPSA entered into a Services Agreement, pursuant to which AGSA, either directly or indirectly through its affiliates, will provide certain corporate and business-unit services to AMPSA and its subsidiaries, and AMPSA, either directly or indirectly through its affiliates, shall provide certain corporate and business-unit services to AGSA and its affiliates (other than the AMP Entities). The services provided by AGSA, either directly or indirectly through its affiliates, pursuant to the Services Agreement include typical corporate functional support areas such as finance, legal, risk, HR, procurement, sustainability and IT in order to complement the activities in areas which exist within the AMPSA Group. The services provided by AMPSA, either directly or indirectly through its affiliates, are mainly in the areas of procurement and IT. For each calendar year from 2021 through 2024, as consideration for the corporate services provided by AMPSA and AGSA, or their respective direct or indirect affiliates, AMPSA will pay a net amount of $33 million to Ardagh Group for the calendar year 2021, $38 million for calendar year 2022, $39 million for calendar year 2023 and $39 million for calendar year 2024. The fees paid for services pursuant to the Services Agreement are subject to adjustment for third party costs and variations for certain volume-based services. As of December 31, 2024, or if earlier, the date upon which AMP or Ardagh Group undergoes a change of control, all corporate services provided pursuant to the Services Agreement will be provided at a price equal to the fully allocated cost of such services, or such other price to be negotiated in good faith by the parties, taking into consideration various factors, including the cost of providing such corporate services and the level of services expected to be provided.

The significant accounting policies that have been applied to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are described in note 3.

2. Statement of directors' approval

The unaudited consolidated interim financial statements were approved for issue by the board of directors of Ardagh Metal Packaging S.A. (the "Board") on September 23, 2021.

3. Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of preparation

The unaudited consolidated interim financial statements of the Group for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 "Interim Financial Reporting". The unaudited consolidated interim financial statements do not include all of the information required for full annual financial statements.

The unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are presented in U.S. dollar rounded to the nearest million. The functional currency of the Company is euro.

Basis of preparation prior to the AMP Transfer

For the periods prior to the AMP Transfer, unaudited combined interim financial statements have been prepared on a carve-out basis from the consolidated financial statements of Ardagh Group S.A., to represent the financial position and performance of the AMP Business as if the Business had existed on a stand-alone basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and the three months ended March 31, 2021 for the unaudited consolidated interim income statements, statements of comprehensive income and statements of cash flows and as at December 31, 2020 for the unaudited interim financial statements of financial position. However, those unaudited combined interim financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have occurred if the Business had been a stand-alone entity during the period presented. The accounting policies, presentation and methods of computation followed in the unaudited combined interim financial statements are consistent with those applied in the audited combined financial statements of the AMP Business for the year ended December 31, 2020, as included on pages F-2 to F-55 of the Company's Registration Statement on Form F-1 (333-258749) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on August 19, 2021, except for the calculation of earnings per share as further detailed in note 7.

Corporate center costs allocated by Ardagh have been included in selling, general and administration ("SGA") expenses ($7 million and $14 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, and $9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021). The Ardagh support provided to the AMP Business included stewardship by Ardagh senior management personnel and functional support in terms of typical corporate areas such as Group finance, legal and risk, in addition to, discrete support which was provided from centralized management activities such as HR, Sustainability and IT in order to complement and support the activities in these areas which existed within the Business. The Ardagh corporate head office costs were allocated principally based on Adjusted EBITDA, with settlement of these costs recorded within invested capital. The allocations to the Business reflected all the costs of doing business and Management believes that the allocations were reasonable and materially reflected what the expenses would have been on a stand-alone basis. These costs reflected the arrangements that existed in Ardagh and are not necessarily representative of costs that may arise in the future.

Basis of preparation after the AMP Transfer

For the periods after the AMP Transfer, from April 1, 2021 through June 30, 2021, unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared for the Group as a stand-alone business. The accounting policies, presentation and methods of computation followed in the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are consistent with those applied in the audited combined financial statements of the AMP Business for the year ended December 31, 2020, except for the following new or amended accounting policies and the calculation of earnings per share as further detailed in note 7 and the recognition and measurement of the Earnout Shares as further detailed in note 12.

Basis of consolidation

(i) Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group and are de-consolidated from the date on which control ceases. Subsidiaries are all entities (including structured entities) over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power to direct the activities of the entity.

The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for the acquisition of subsidiaries by the Group. The cost of an acquisition is the consideration given in exchange for control of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the acquired legal entities. Acquisition-related costs are expensed and included as exceptional items within sales, general and administration expenses. The acquired net assets are initially measured at fair value. The excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Any goodwill and fair value adjustments are recorded as assets and liabilities of the acquired legal entity in the currency of the primary economic environment in which the legal entity operates (the "functional currency"). If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the Group's share of the net assets of the legal entity acquired, the difference is recognized directly in the consolidated income statement. The Group considers obligations of the acquiree in a business combination that arise as a result of the change in control, to be cash flows arising from obtaining control of the controlled entity, and classifies these obligations as investing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

Predecessor accounting is used to account for the transfer of a subsidiary in the form of a capital reorganization. Under predecessor accounting, the Group carries forward the predecessor carrying values of the acquired net assets and the liabilities assumed as previously reflected in the consolidated financial statements of Ardagh Group. The difference between the consideration given and the aggregate carrying value of the assets and the liabilities of the acquired entity at the date of the transaction is included in equity in other reserves.

(ii) Transactions eliminated on consolidation

Transactions, balances and unrealized gains or losses on transactions between Group companies are eliminated. Subsidiaries' accounting policies have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group.

(iii) Transactions with Ardagh

Any unsettled intercompany balances between the Group and Ardagh are presented as related party receivables or payables in the unaudited interim financial statements of financial position.

Borrowings

Borrowings are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently stated at amortized cost; any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the Group's consolidated income statement over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest rate method.

Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Group, has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date.

Finance income and expense

Finance income comprises interest income on funds invested, gains on disposal of financial assets, ineffective portions of derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments and gains on derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments and are recognized in profit or loss.

Finance expense comprises interest expense on borrowings (including amortization of deferred debt issuance costs), interest cost on leases, certain net foreign currency translation related to financing, net interest cost on net pension plan liabilities, losses on extinguishment of borrowings, ineffective portions of derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments, losses on derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments and are recognized in profit or loss, and other finance expense.

The Group capitalizes borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of manufacturing plants that require a substantial period of time to build that would have been avoided if the expenditure on the qualifying asset had not been made.

Costs related to the issuance of new debt are deferred and amortized within finance expense over the expected terms of the related debt agreements by using the effective interest rate method.

Income tax

Income tax on the profit or loss for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognized in the consolidated income statement except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in other comprehensive income.

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.

Deferred income tax is recognized, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However, deferred tax liabilities are generally not recognized if they arise from the initial recognition of goodwill; deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income tax liability is settled.

Deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized. Deferred income tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associates, except for deferred income tax liability where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is controlled by the Group and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when the deferred income tax assets and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the same taxable entity or different taxable entities where there is an intention to settle the balances on a net basis.

Income tax in interim periods is accrued using the effective tax rate expected to be applied to annual earnings.

Segment reporting

The Board has been identified as the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") for the Group.

Operating segments are identified on the basis of the internal reporting regularly provided to the Board in order to allocate resources to the segment and assess its performance.

Recent changes in accounting pronouncements

The impact of new standards, amendments to existing standards and interpretations issued and effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2021 have been assessed by the Directors and none have had a material impact for the Group. The Directors' assessment of the impact of new standards, which are not yet effective and which have not been early adopted by the Group, on the consolidated interim financial statements is on-going.

4. Segment analysis

The Group's two operating and reportable segments, Europe and Americas, reflect the basis on which the Group's performance is reviewed by management and presented to the CODM. The CODM has been identified as being the board of directors of AGSA for the periods prior and the Board for the periods after the AMP Transfer, respectively.

Performance of the Group is assessed based on Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is the profit or loss for the period before income tax charge or credit, net finance expense, depreciation and amortization and exceptional operating items. Other items are not allocated to segments, as these are reviewed by the CODM on a group-wide basis. Segmental revenues are derived from sales to external customers. Inter-segment revenue is not material.

Reconciliation of profit/(loss) for the period to Adjusted EBITDA

Segment results for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 are:

Segment results for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 are:

One customer accounted for greater than 10% of total revenue in the six months ended June 30, 2021 (2020: two).

The following illustrates the disaggregation of revenue by destination for the three months ended June 30, 2021:

The following illustrates the disaggregation of revenue by destination for the three months ended June 30, 2020:

The following illustrates the disaggregation of revenue by destination for the six months ended June 30, 2021:

The following illustrates the disaggregation of revenue by destination for the six months ended June 30, 2020:

The following illustrates the disaggregation of revenue based on the timing of transfer of goods and services:

5. Exceptional items

Exceptional items are those that in management's judgment need to be disclosed by virtue of their size, nature or incidence.

2021

2020

Exceptional items of $nil have been recognized in the six months ended June 30, 2020 primarily comprising:

6. Net finance expense

7. Earnings per share

As of August 4, 2021, the date of the completion of the business combination with Gores Holdings V, 493,763,520 shares of the Company, with a par value €0.01 per share, are issued to AGSA. This amount of shares issued is utilized for the calculation of basic earnings per share ("EPS") for all periods presented. Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit/(loss) for the period attributable to equity holders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

The following table reflects the income statement profit/(loss) and share data used in the basic EPS calculations:

Diluted earnings per share is consistent with basic earnings per share as there are no dilutive potential shares during the periods presented above.

8. Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment

At June 30, 2021, the carrying amount of goodwill included within intangible assets was $1,036 million (December 31, 2020: $1,055 million).

At June 30, 2021, the carrying amount of the right-of-use assets included within property, plant and equipment was $187 million (December 31, 2020: $127 million).

The Group recognized a depreciation charge of $92 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021 (2020: $79 million), of which $19 million (2020: $15 million) relates to right-of-use assets.

Impairment test for goodwill

Goodwill is not subject to amortization and is tested annually for impairment following the approval of the annual budget (normally at the end of the financial year), or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate a potential impairment.

Management has considered whether any impairment existed at the reporting date, and has considered the carrying amount of the respective goodwill and concluded that it is fully recoverable as at June 30, 2021.

9. Issued capital and share premium

Share capital and share premium

Issued and fully paid shares:

On completion of the AMP Transfer on April 1, 2021, AMPSA issued 484,956,250 shares to AGSA with a nominal value of €0.01 per share.

10. Financial assets and liabilities

At June 30, 2021 the Group's net debt and available liquidity was as set out below. Net debt, net borrowings and total borrowings at June 30, 2021, exclude the AMP Promissory Note, which is presented separately in the consolidated interim statement of financial position and further discussed below:

At December 31, 2020 the Group's net debt and available liquidity was as follows:

The fair value of the Group's total borrowings excluding lease obligations at June 30, 2021 is $2,775 million (December 31, 2020: $2,763 million).

A number of the Group's borrowing agreements contain certain covenants that restrict the Group's flexibility in areas such as incurrence of additional indebtedness (primarily maximum secured borrowings to Adjusted EBITDA and a minimum Adjusted EBITDA to interest expense), payment of dividends and incurrence of liens.

The maturity profile of the Group's net borrowings is as follows:

AMP Promissory Note

In addition to the borrowings analyzed above and as a result of the AMP Transfer, the Group had as of June 30, 2021, an outstanding obligation of $1,085 million under the AMP Promissory Note, which was settled subsequently upon the consummation of the Merger and the PIPE Investment as outlined in note 1.

Financing activity

2021

On March 12, 2021, the Group, in connection with the transaction related to the combination of Ardagh Metal Packaging with Gores Holdings V, issued €450 million 2.000% Senior Secured Notes due 2028, $600 million 3.250% Senior Secured Notes due 2028, €500 million 3.000% Senior Notes due 2029 and $1,050 million 4.000% Senior Notes due 2029. Details related to the transaction and use of proceeds from this issuance are outlined in note 1 - General Information.

On March 24, 2021 and March 30, 2021, historical related party debt of $113 million was settled, being reflected as a non-cash capital contribution within other reserves.

On April 1, 2021, upon the consummation of the AMP Transfer, historical related party debt of $2,555 million was settled of which $1,741 million was paid to AGSA with the remainder of $814 million being reflected as a non-cash capital contribution within other reserves.

Lease obligations at June 30, 2021 of $194 million (December 31, 2020: $136 million), primarily reflects $83 million of new lease liabilities, partly offset by $25 million of principal repayments and foreign currency movements in the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Fair value methodology

There has been no change to the fair value hierarchies for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments.

Fair values are calculated as follows:

11. Employee benefit obligations

Employee benefit obligations at June 30, 2021 have been reviewed in respect of the latest discount rates and asset valuations. A re-measurement gain of $1 million and $16 million (2020: loss of $28 million and $5 million) has been recognized in the unaudited consolidated interim statement of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.

The re-measurement gain of $1 million (2020: loss of $28 million) recognized for the three months ended June 30, 2021 consisted of an increase in asset valuations of $13 million (2020 increase: $23 million), partly offset by an increase in the obligations of $12 million (2020 increase: $51 million).

The re-measurement gain of $16 million (2020: loss of $5 million) recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2021 consisted of a decrease in the obligations of $38 million (2020 increase: $21 million), partly offset by a decrease in asset valuations of $22 million (2020 increase: $16 million).

12. Provisions and other liabilities

As described in note 1 and resulting from the AMP Transfer, AGSA has a contingent right to receive up to 60.73 million Earnout Shares. The Earnout Shares are issuable by AMPSA to AGSA subject to attainment of certain stock price hurdles over a five-year period from the 180th day following the closing of the Merger. In accordance with IAS 32 (Financial Instruments - Presentation), the arrangement has been assessed to determine whether the Earnout Shares represent a liability or an equity instrument. As the arrangement may result in AMPSA issuing a variable number of shares in the future, albeit capped at a total of 60.73 million shares, the Earnout Shares have, in accordance with the requirements of IAS 32, been recognized as a financial liability measured at fair value in the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements. A valuation assessment was performed for the purpose of determining the financial liability using a Monte Carlo simulation using key assumptions for: volatility (26%); risk-free rate; and beginning AMPSA share price. The estimated valuation of the liability as of April 1 and June 30, 2021 were $284 million and $ 296 million, respectively. An increase or decrease in volatility of 5% would result in an increase or decrease in the liability as of April 1 and June 30, 2021 of approximately $50 million.The initial recognition of the liability as of April 1, 2021, was reflected with a corresponding charge in other reserves. Any subsequent changes in the valuation have been reflected in net finance expense.

13. Cash used in operating activities

14. Related party transactions

15. Other reserves

16. Contingencies

Environmental issues

AMP is regulated under various national and local environmental, occupational health and safety and other governmental laws and regulations relating to:

• the operation of installations for manufacturing of metal packaging and surface treatment using solvents;

• the generation, storage, handling, use and transportation of hazardous materials;

• the emission of substances and physical agents into the environment;

• the discharge of waste water and disposal of waste;

• the remediation of contamination;

• the design, characteristics, collection and recycling of its packaging products; and

• the manufacturing, sale and servicing of machinery and equipment for the metal packaging industry.

The Group believes, based on current information, that it is in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and permit requirements. It does not believe it will be required, under existing or anticipated future environmental laws and regulations, to expend amounts, over and above the amounts accrued, which will have a material effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations or cash flows. In addition, no material proceedings against the Group arising under environmental laws are pending.

Legal matters

The Group is involved in certain legal proceedings arising in the normal course of its business. The Group believes that none of these proceedings, either individually or in aggregate, are expected to have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

17. Seasonality of operations

The Group's revenue and cash flows are both subject to seasonal fluctuations, with the Group generally building inventories in anticipation of these seasonal demands resulting in working capital requirements typically being the greatest at the end of the first quarter of the year.

The demand for our metal beverage products is strongest during spells of warm weather and therefore demand typically peaks during the summer months, as well as in the period leading up to holidays in December.

The Group will manage the seasonality of working capital principally by supplementing operating cash flows with drawings under our Global Asset Based Loan facility, which was entered into on August 6, 2021. Prior to the AMP transfer the Group managed this under Ardagh Group's Global Asset Based Loan facility.

18. Other information

Cyber Security Incident

On May 17, 2021, the Group announced that it had experienced a cyber security incident, the response to which included pro-actively shutting down certain IT systems and applications used by the business. Key systems have now been brought back online securely, in a phased manner and in line with our plan. Production at all of our manufacturing facilities continued to operate throughout this period, though we experienced some shipping delays as a result of this incident.

We have already taken various steps, including engaging leading industry specialists to conduct a forensic investigation of our systems and introducing additional protection tools across our network to further enhance the security of our IT systems. We believe that our existing information technology control environment is appropriately robust and consistent with industry standards. In addition to addressing any findings from these investigations and assessments, we are reviewing our information technology roadmap and accelerating planned IT investments to further improve the effectiveness of our information security. We do not believe that our growth investment program has been impacted by this incident. We maintain insurance in respect of a wide range of risks, including in respect of IT incidents and expect to recover costs in respect of this incident. In addition, AMPSA entered into a letter agreement with AGSA, dated May 21, 2021, under which AGSA agreed to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company and its subsidiaries and their respective successors from and against any and all losses incurred prior to December 31, 2021, resulting from this cyber security incident. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, the Group incurred $16 million of losses and incremental costs related to this incident, including $15 million ($11 million in Europe and $4 million in Americas) of losses and incremental costs within Adjusted EBITDA and $1 million of exceptional costs, all of which have been offset by income received and the associated indemnification receivable under the aforementioned indemnification agreement with AGSA.

19. Events after the reporting period

On August 4, 2021, the Business Combination was consummated. The Business Combination is accounted for under IFRS 2. The difference in the estimated fair value of equity instruments, i.e. shares and warrants issued by AMPSA, over the fair value of identifiable net assets of Gores Holdings V represents a service for the listing of the shares in AMPSA and is accounted for as a share based payment expense in accordance with IFRS 2. The cost of the service, which is a non-cash and non-recurring expense, is estimated to be approximately $205 million, and will be recorded as an exceptional item in the third quarter interim financial statements.

On August 5, 2021, AMPSA listed its shares and warrants on the New York Stock Exchange under the new ticker symbols "AMBP" and "AMBPW", respectively.

On August 6, 2021, AMPSA and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a Global Asset Based Loan Facility in the amount of $300 million, which amount will be increased to $325 million upon the delivery to the lenders of certain corporate authorizations.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read together with, and is qualified in its entirety by, reference to the Unaudited Consolidated Interim Financial Statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 including the related notes thereto. As used in this section, the "Group" refers to Ardagh Metal Packaging S.A. and its subsidiaries.

Some of the measures used in this report are not measurements of financial performance under IFRS and should not be considered an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of liquidity or an alternative to operating profit/(loss) or profit/(loss) for the period as indicators of our operating performance or any other measures of performance derived in accordance with IFRS.

Business Drivers

The main factors affecting our results of operations for the Group are: (i) global economic trends and end-consumer demand for our products; (ii) prices of raw materials and energy used in our business, primarily aluminum, steel, and coatings, and our ability to pass through these and other cost increases to our customers, through contractual pass through mechanisms under multi-year contracts, or through renegotiation in the case of short-term contracts; (iii) investment in operating cost reductions; (iv) acquisitions; and (v) foreign exchange rate fluctuations and currency translation risks arising from various currency exposures, primarily with respect to the euro, U.S. dollar, British pound, Polish zloty and Brazilian real.

On May 17, 2021, the Group announced that it had experienced a cyber security incident, the response to which included pro-actively shutting down certain IT systems and applications used by the business. Key systems have now been brought back online securely, in a phased manner and in line with our plan. Production at all of our manufacturing facilities continued to operate throughout this period, though we experienced some shipping delays as a result of this incident.

We have already taken various steps, including engaging leading industry specialists to conduct a forensic investigation of our systems and introducing additional protection tools across our network to further enhance the security of our IT systems. We believe that our existing information technology control environment is appropriately robust and consistent with industry standards. In addition to addressing any findings from these investigations and assessments, we are reviewing our information technology roadmap and accelerating planned IT investments to further improve the effectiveness of our information security. We do not believe that our growth investment program has been impacted by this incident. We maintain insurance in respect of a wide range of risks, including in respect of IT incidents and expect to recover costs in respect of this incident. In addition, AMPSA entered into a letter agreement with AGSA, dated May 21, 2021, under which AGSA agreed to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company and its subsidiaries and their respective successors from and against any and all losses incurred prior to December 31, 2021, resulting from this cyber security incident. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, the Group incurred $16 million of losses and incremental costs related to this incident, including $15 million ($11 million in Europe and $4 million in Americas) of losses and incremental costs within Adjusted EBITDA and $1 million of exceptional costs, all of which have been offset by income received under the aforementioned indemnification agreement with AGSA.

AMP

AMP generates its revenue from supplying metal can packaging to the beverage end use category. Revenue is primarily dependent on sales volumes and sales prices.

Sales volumes are influenced by a number of factors, including factors driving customer demand, seasonality and the capacity of our metal beverage packaging plants. Demand for our metal beverage cans may be influenced by trends in the consumption of beverages, industry trends in packaging, including marketing decisions, and the impact of environmental regulations and shifts in consumer sentiment towards a greater awareness of sustainability. The demand for our beverage products is strongest during spells of warm weather and therefore demand typically, based on historical trends, peaks during the summer months, as well as in the period leading up to holidays in December. Accordingly, we generally build inventories in the first and fourth quarter in anticipation of the seasonal demands in our beverage business.

AMP's Adjusted EBITDA is based on revenue derived from selling our metal beverage cans and is affected by a number of factors, primarily cost of sales. The elements of our cost of sales include (i) variable costs, such as electricity, raw materials (including the cost of aluminum), packaging materials, decoration and freight and other distribution costs, and (ii) fixed costs, such as labor and other plant-related costs including depreciation and maintenance. In addition sales, marketing and administrative costs also impact Adjusted EBITDA. AMP's variable costs have typically constituted approximately 75% and fixed costs approximately 25% of the total cost of sales for our business.

Results of operations

Three months ended June 30, 2021 compared with three months ended June 30, 2020:

Revenue

Revenue in the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $161 million, or 19%, to $991 million, compared with $830 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020. The increase in revenue is primarily driven by favorable volume/mix effects, which includes an impact of the Group's business growth investment program, the pass through to customers of higher metal costs and favorable foreign currency translation effects of $39 million.

Cost of sales

Cost of sales in the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $128 million, or 18%, to $826 million, compared with $698 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020. The increase in cost of sales is principally due to increased sales as noted above, higher input costs and higher exceptional cost of sales, as well as unfavorable foreign currency translation effects. Further analysis of the movements in exceptional items is set out in the "Supplemental Management's Discussion and Analysis" section.

Gross profit

Gross profit in the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $33 million, or 25%, to $165 million, compared with $132 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020. Gross profit percentage in the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by 70 basis points to 16.6%, compared with 15.9% in the three months ended June 30, 2020. Excluding exceptional cost of sales, gross profit percentage in the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by 110 basis points to 17.2% compared with 16.1% in the three months ended June 30, 2020. Further analysis of the movements in exceptional items is set out in the "Supplemental Management's Discussion and Analysis" section.

Sales, general and administration expenses

Sales, general and administration expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $15 million, or 42%, to $51 million, compared with $36 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020. Excluding exceptional items, sales, general and administration expenses increased by $9 million. Exceptional sales, general and administration expenses increased by $6 million, primarily due to costs relating to transformation initiatives.

Intangible amortization

Intangible amortization of $39 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $3 million, or 8%, compared with $36 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020, primarily driven by foreign exchange effects.

Operating profit

Operating profit of $75 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $15 million, or 25%, compared with the three months ended June 30, 2020, due to higher gross profit, as outlined above, partly offset by higher sales, general and administration expenses and higher intangible amortization charges.

Net finance expense

Net finance expense for the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $6 million, or 38%, to $22 million compared with $16 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020. Net finance expense for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 comprised the following:

Interest expense increased by $24 million to $24 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021 compared with $nil in the three months ended June 30, 2020. The increase primarily relates to interest expense on the Senior Secured Notes and Senior Notes as a result of the AMP Notes issuance.

Interest on related party borrowings decreased by $38 million to $nil in the three months ended June 30, 2021 compared with $38 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020. The decrease relates to the settlement of the related party borrowings with Ardagh on April 1, 2021.

Foreign currency translation losses in the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $26 million, to a loss of $1 million, compared with $25 million of a gain in the three months ended June 30, 2020, driven by foreign exchange rate fluctuations, primarily the U.S. dollar and British pound.

Gains on derivative financial instruments of $1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021 related to the Group's derivatives.

Exceptional finance income for the three months ended June 30, 2021 of $6 million includes a foreign currency translation gain of $15 million on the AMP Promissory Note payable to Ardagh, partly offset by the fair market value movement on the Earnout Shares of $9 million.

Income tax charge

Income tax charge in the three months ended June 30, 2021 was $27 million, a decrease of $12 million from an income tax charge of $39 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020. The decrease of $12 million in the income tax charge is primarily due to a decrease in the pre-exceptional income tax charge of $14 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021, which is attributable to movements in non-taxable/deductible foreign currency translation gain/losses and non-deductible interest expense in certain territories, partially offset by a decrease in exceptional tax credits of $2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021.

The effective income tax rate (ETR) on profit before exceptional items for the three months ended June 30, 2021 was 44%, compared with a rate of 85% for the three months ended June 30, 2020. The effective income tax rate is a function of the profit or loss before tax and the tax charge or credit for the year. The primary drivers impacting the effective tax rate are non-taxable/deductible foreign currency translation gain/losses and non-deductible interest expense in certain territories.

Profit for the period

As a result of the items described above, the Group recognized a profit of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021, compared with a profit of $11 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020.

Six months ended June 30, 2021 compared with six months ended June 30, 2020:

Revenue

Revenue in the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $271 million, or 16%, to $1,930 million, compared with $1,659 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase in revenue is primarily driven by favorable volume/mix effects, which includes an impact of the Group's business growth investment program, the pass through to customers of higher metal costs and favorable currency translation effects of $71 million.

Cost of sales

Cost of sales in the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $214 million, or 15%, to $1,616 million, compared with $1,402 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase in cost of sales is principally due to unfavorable foreign currency translation effects, increased sales as noted above, higher input costs and higher exceptional cost of sales, which increased by $6 million. Further analysis of the movements in exceptional items is set out in the "Supplemental Management's Discussion and Analysis" section.

Gross profit

Gross profit in the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $57 million, or 22%, to $314 million, compared with $257 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. Gross profit percentage in the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by 80 basis points to 16.3%, compared with 15.5% in the six months ended June 30, 2020. Excluding exceptional cost of sales, gross profit percentage in the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by 110 basis points to 16.7%, compared with 15.6% in the six months ended June 30, 2020. Further analysis of the movements in exceptional items is set out in the "Supplemental Management's Discussion and Analysis" section.

Sales, general and administration expenses

Sales, general and administration expenses in the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $16 million, or 18%, to $103 million, compared with $87 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. Excluding exceptional items, sales, general and administration expenses increased by $8 million. Exceptional sales, general and administration expenses increased by $8 million, primarily due to other costs relating to transformation initiatives.

Intangible amortization

Intangible amortization of $78 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $5 million, or 7%, compared with $73 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020, primarily driven by foreign exchange effects.

Operating profit

Operating profit of $133 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $36 million, or 37%, compared with the six months ended June 30, 2020, due to higher gross profit, as outlined above, partly offset by higher sales, general and administration expenses and higher intangible amortization charges.

Net finance expense

Net finance expense for the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $87 million, or 104%, to $171 million compared with $84 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. Net finance expense for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 comprised the following:

Interest expense increased by $24 million to $24 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared with $nil in the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase primarily relates to interest expense on the Senior Secured Notes and Senior Notes as a result of the AMP Notes issuance.

Interest on related party borrowings decreased by $34 million to $43 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared with $77 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. The decrease primarily relates to the settlement of the related party borrowings with Ardagh on April 1, 2021.

Foreign currency translation losses in the six months ended June 30, 2021 of $45 million, compared with $2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020 was driven by foreign exchange rate fluctuations, primarily the U.S. dollar and British pound.

Gains on derivative financial instruments of $1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020 related to the Group's derivatives.

Exceptional finance expense for the six months ended June 30, 2021 of $51 million of which $52 million relates to the settlement of the Group's related party borrowings as part of the AMP transfer, $9 million of a fair market value movement on the Earnout Shares, $5 million interest payable on bonds issued in March 2021 related to the Combination of Ardagh Metal Packaging with Gores Holdings V, partly offset by a foreign currency translation gain of $15 million on the Group's promissory note payable to Ardagh.

Income tax charge

Income tax charge in the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $10 million, a decrease of $8 million from an income tax charge of $18 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. The decrease of $8 million in the income tax charge is primarily due to an increase in exceptional income tax credits of $5 million, relating to tax credits arising from exceptional finance expense in the six months ended June 30, 2021, in addition to a decrease in the pre-exceptional income tax charge of $3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021.

The effective income tax rate (ETR) on profit before exceptional items for the six months ended June 30, 2021 was 61%, compared with a rate of 129% for the three months ended June 30, 2020. The effective income tax rate is a function of the profit or loss before tax and the tax charge or credit for the year. The primary drivers impacting the effective tax rate are non-taxable/deductible foreign currency translation gain/losses and non-deductible interest expense in certain territories.

Loss for the period

As a result of the items described above, the Group recognized a loss of $48 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared with a loss of $3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Supplemental Management's Discussion and Analysis

Key operating measures

Adjusted EBITDA consists of profit/(loss) for the year before income tax charge/(credit), net finance expense, depreciation and amortization and exceptional operating items. We use Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate and assess our segment performance. Adjusted EBITDA is presented because we believe that it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in evaluating companies in the packaging industry. However, other companies may calculate Adjusted EBITDA in a manner different from ours. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under IFRS and should not be considered an alternative to profit/(loss) as indicators of operating performance or any other measures of performance derived in accordance with IFRS.

For a reconciliation of the profit/(loss) for the period to Adjusted EBITDA see note 4 - Segment analysis of the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

Adjusted EBITDA in the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $34 million, or 24%, to $173 million, compared with $139 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020, principally reflecting favorable volume/mix effects, which includes an impact of the Group's growth investment program. Included within Adjusted EBITDA in the three months ended June 30, 2021, are losses and incremental costs relating to the cyber security incident of $15 million ($11 million in Europe and $4 million in Americas), which are fully compensated by AGSA under the indemnity agreement in place.

Adjusted EBITDA in the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $67 million, or 26%, to $321 million, compared with $254 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020, principally reflecting favorable volume/mix effects, which includes an impact of the Group's growth investment program. Included within Adjusted EBITDA in the six months ended June 30, 2021, are losses and incremental costs relating to the cyber security incident of $15 million ($11 million in Europe and $4 million in Americas), which are fully compensated by AGSA under the indemnity agreement in place.

Exceptional items

The following table provides detail on exceptional items included in cost of sales and sales, general and administration expenses:

Exceptional items of $60 million have been recognized in the six months ended June 30, 2021, primarily comprising:

Exceptional items of $nil have been recognized in the six months ended June 30, 2020 primarily comprising:

Segment Information

Three months ended June 30, 2021 compared with three months ended June 30, 2020

Segment results for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 are:

Revenue

Europe. Revenue increased by $69 million, or 17%, to $464 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021, compared with $395 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020. Excluding favorable foreign currency translation effects of $39 million, revenue increased by $30 million, mainly due to the pass through of higher metal costs.

Americas. Revenue increased by $92 million, or 21%, to $527 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021, compared with $435 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020. The increase in revenue principally reflected favorable volume/mix effects and the pass through of higher metal costs.

Adjusted EBITDA

Europe. Adjusted EBITDA increased by $15 million, or 21%, to $85 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021, compared with $70 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020. Excluding favorable foreign currency translation effects of $7 million, Adjusted EBITDA increased by $8 million reflecting higher selling prices, including to recover increased input costs and a positive impact from the Group's growth investment program.

Americas. Adjusted EBITDA increased by $19 million, or 27%, to $88 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021, compared with $69 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020. The increase was mainly driven by favorable volume/mix effects, which includes an impact of the Group's growth investment program.

Six months ended June 30, 2021 compared with six months ended June 30, 2020

Segment results for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 are:

Revenue

Europe. Revenue increased by $120 million, or 15%, to $900 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared with $780 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. Excluding favorable foreign currency translation effects of $71 million, revenue increased by $49 million, principally reflected higher selling prices to recover increased input costs and favorable volume/mix effects of 2%, which includes an impact of the Group's growth investment program.

Americas. Revenue increased by $151 million, or 17%, to $1,030 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared with $879 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase in revenue principally reflected the pass through of higher metal costs and volume/mix growth of 9%, which includes an impact of the Group's growth investment program.

Adjusted EBITDA

Europe. Adjusted EBITDA increased by $27 million, or 22%, to $151 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared with $124 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. Excluding favorable foreign currency translation effects of $12 million, Adjusted EBITDA increased by $15 million, principally due to favorable selling price effects, and positive volume/mix effects.

Americas. Adjusted EBITDA increased by $40 million, or 31%, to $170 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared with $130 million in the six-month period ended June 30, 2020. The increase was mainly driven by favorable volume/mix effects, which includes an impact of the Group's growth investment program, and lower operating costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash requirements related to operations

Our principal sources of cash are cash generated from operations and external financings, including borrowings and other credit facilities.

The following table outlines our principal financing arrangements as at June 30, 2021:

The following table outlines the minimum repayments the Group is obliged to make in the twelve months ending June 30, 2022, assuming that the other credit lines will be renewed or replaced with similar facilities as they mature.

The Group generates substantial cash flow from its operations and had $587 million in cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2021.

We believe that our cash balances and future cash flow from operating activities, as well as our credit facilities, will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our purchases of property, plant and equipment, interest payments on our notes and other credit facilities, and dividend payments for at least the next twelve months. In addition, we believe that we will be able to fund certain additional investments, which we may choose to pursue, from our current cash balances, credit facilities, cash flow from operating activities, and where necessary, incremental debt.

The Group's long-term liquidity needs primarily relate to the service of our debt obligations. We expect to satisfy our future long-term liquidity needs through a combination of cash flow generated from operations and, where appropriate, to refinance our debt obligations in advance of their respective maturity dates, as we have successfully done in the past.

Cash flows

The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flow for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:

Cash flows from/(used in) operating activities

Cash flows generated in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021, of $8 million represents an increase of $20 million, compared with a $12 million net cash used in operating activities in the same period in 2020. The increase was due to higher Adjusted EBITDA as outlined in the "Supplemental Management's Discussion and Analysis - Key operating measures" section, an increase in depreciation and amortization of $17 million, an increase in exceptional operating items of $14 million, an increase in working capital outflows of $6 million, an increase in transaction-related, start-up and other exceptional costs paid of $5 million, a decrease in exceptional restructuring costs paid of $1 million and higher interest and tax payments of $20 million $17 million respectively.

Cash flows used in investing activities

Cash flows used in investing activities increased by $175 million to $288 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared with $113 million in the same period in 2020 mainly driven by increased capital expenditure on the Group's business growth investment program, the timing of projects and repair activity.

Net inflow from financing activities

Net cash from financing activities represents an inflow of $568 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared with a $100 million inflow in the same period in 2020.

Proceeds from borrowings of $2,766 million reflects the AMP Notes Issuance during the six months ended June 30, 2021, as described in note 10 - Financial assets and liabilities of the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

Lease payments of $22 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021, increased by $5 million compared to $17 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020, reflecting increased principal repayments on the Group's lease obligations.

Working capital

For the six months ended June 30, 2021, the working capital outflow during the period increased by $6 million to $170 million, from an outflow of $164 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase is mainly due to unfavorable movements in inventory and trade and other receivables, compared with the same period in 2020.

Transaction-related, start-up and other exceptional costs paid

Transaction-related, start-up and other exceptional costs paid in the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $5 million to $14 million, compared with $9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. In the six months ended June 30, 2021 amounts paid of $14 million primarily comprised of professional advisory fees, and other costs related to transformation initiatives. In the six months ended June 30, 2020 amounts paid of $9 million primarily comprised of professional advisory fees, and other costs related to transformation initiatives.

Income tax paid

Income tax paid during the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $28 million, which represents an increase of $17 million, compared with $11 million in the six months period ended June 30, 2020. The increase is primarily attributable to the settlement of intra-fiscal unity tax balances arising from the steps to complete the transfer of Ardagh's metal beverage packaging business to Ardagh Metal Packaging during the three months ended June 30, 2021.

Capital expenditure

Capital expenditure for the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $175 million to $289 million, compared with $114 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase was primarily attributable to the Group's Business Growth Investment program and also due to the timing of projects and repair activity. Capital expenditure for the six months ended March 31, 2021 includes $244 million related to the Business' Business Growth Investment program.

In Europe, capital expenditure in the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $74 million compared with $49 million in the same period in 2020 with the increase primarily attributable to the Group's Business Growth Investment program. In Americas capital expenditure in the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $215 million, compared with $65 million in the same period in 2020 with the increase primarily attributable to the Business' Business Growth Investment program.

Receivables Factoring and Related Programs

The Group participates in several uncommitted accounts receivable factoring and related programs with various highly reputable financial institutions for certain receivables, accounted for as true sales of receivables, without recourse to the Group. Receivables of $329 million were sold under these programs at June 30, 2021 (December 31, 2020: $332 million).

Trade Payables Processing

Our suppliers have access to independent third party payable processors. The processors allow suppliers, if they choose, to sell their receivables to financial institutions at the sole discretion of both the supplier and the financial institution. We have no involvement in the sale of these receivables and the suppliers are at liberty to use these arrangements if they wish to receive early payment. As the original liability to our suppliers, including amounts due and scheduled payment dates, remains as agreed in our supply agreements and is neither legally extinguished nor substantially modified, the Group continues to present such obligations within trade payables.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This report includes statements that are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this report regarding our business, financial condition, results of operations and certain of our plans, objectives, assumptions, projections, expectations or beliefs with respect to these items and statements regarding other future events or prospects, are forward-looking statements. These statements include, without limitation, those concerning: our strategy and our ability to achieve it; expectations regarding sales, profitability and growth; our possible or assumed future results of operations; R&D, capital expenditures and investment plans; adequacy of capital; and financing plans. The words "aim", "may", "will", "expect", "is expected to", "anticipate", "believe", "future", "continue", "help", "estimate", "plan", "schedule", "intend", "should", "would be", "seeks", "estimates", "shall" or the negative or other variations thereof, as well as other statements regarding matters that are not historical fact, are or may constitute forward-looking statements.

Although we believe that the estimates reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, such estimates may prove to be incorrect. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will occur in the future.

All forward-looking statements included in this report are based on information available to us on the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by applicable law. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained throughout this report.