Caroline Churchill

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of the following: (1) funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and (2) separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Janus Capital Group Inc. provides investment management and advisory services. It engages in the provision of investment management, administration, distribution and related services to financial advisors, individuals and institutional clients through mutual funds, other pooled investment vehicles, separate accounts and sub advised relationships in both domestic and international markets. The company was founded on January 1, 2003 and is headquartered in Denver, CO.

NWD Investment Management, Inc. provides asset management services to institutional and individual investors. It is an asset management firm for individuals and institutional clients, including corporate & public pension plans, foundations & endowments, mutual fund companies and insurance companies. The company was founded in 1999 and is headquartered in Conshohocken, PA.

Victory Capital Management, Inc. is an investment management firm, which engages in the provision of institutions, financial advisors and retirement platforms. The company is headquartered in Brooklyn, OH.