David Ian Phillips

Nomura International Plc provides a variety of financial services including advisement, investment banking and asset management. It trades in and sells fixed income and equity products, including related derivatives; and provides investment banking services, and corporate finance and private equity services. The company is also involved in asset and principal finance business. It offers investment advisory and management, custody, and employment services. Nomura International was founded in 1981 and is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

Invesco Advisers, Inc. is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. They are a subsidiary of Invesco Group Services, Inc., ultimately held by Invesco Ltd. (NYSE: IVZ). The firm was founded in 1986 and previously known as Invesco Institutional NA, Inc. until April 2010 when Invesco Ltd. consolidated the businesses of their US investment advisors (Invesco AIM Advisors, Inc., Invesco AIM Capital Management, Inc., Invesco AIM Private Asset Management, Inc. and Invesco Global Asset Management NA, Inc.) under the name Invesco Advisers, Inc. They provide discretionary and non-discretionary investment advisory services to individuals, institutional and high net-worth clients through separate accounts, wrap fee programs and US registered investment companies and other Commingled Funds.

Goldman Sachs Asset Management LP (GSAMLP) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm is a wholly owned subsidiary of GSAM Holdings LLC, and their ultimate parent is Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS). Founded in 1988, GSAMLP provides investment solutions to a range of individual and institutional investors worldwide.

Putnam Investment Management LLC (PIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1971 and is a subsidiary of Putnam US Holdings I LLC, ultimately held by Power Corp. of Canada (TSX: POW). PIM provides investment advice across all asset classes to individuals and institutions worldwide through separately managed accounts and pooled investment funds.

Goldman Sachs International (GSI) is the Great Britain-based, wholly-owned brokerage subsidiary of Goldman Sachs Group UK Ltd., ultimately held by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS) in the US. The firm was founded in 1988 and formerly known as Trushelfco Ltd. Headquartered in London, GSI provides prime brokerage, securities lending, futures services and financing services for a range of clients such as corporations, financial institutions, governments and high-net worth individuals.

Merrill Lynch International (MLI-UK) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1988 and is a subsidiary of ML UK Capital Holdings Ltd., ultimately owned by Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC) in the US. MLI-UK provides brokerage services to individual and retail clients.

BNP Paribas (London Branch) is the Great Britain-based brokerage division of BNP Paribas SA (EPA: BNP) in France. The firm is headquartered in London and was founded in 1986. BNP Paribas (London Branch) offers a wide range of products and services to corporate, institutional, commodities, market making and broking clients.

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC is a registered broker-dealer subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Domestic Holdings, Inc., ultimately owned by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. Headquartered in New York City, the firm was founded in 1987 and provides debt and equity services including underwriting, M&A advice, securities dealing and brokerage and trade execution. Their client base ranges from large global institutional investors to hedge funds at the cutting edge of innovation in the industry.

Invesco Asset Management Ltd. (IAML) is the wholly-owned Great Britain-based investment management subsidiary of Invesco UK Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Invesco Ltd. (NYSE: IVZ) in the US. The firm was founded in 1969 as Cavalier Securities Ltd. and became Invesco Asset Management Ltd. in 1993. They are headquartered in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire. IAML provides investment management services on both a discretionary and non-discretionary basis to pension and profit-sharing plans, educational institutions, investment companies, insurance companies, individuals and holding companies. The firm also acts as investment advisor for a number of mutual funds on a sub-advised basis.

Morgan Stanley Investment Management Ltd. (MSIM) is an asset management firm headquartered in London, UK. Founded in 1986, the firm is a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Investments (UK), ultimately held by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. MSIM offers a range of investment and risk management solutions to institutional and professional investors worldwide.

Harvard University engages in the provision of teaching and research. It has twelve degree-granting Schools in addition to the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, offering a global education. The university was founded in 1636 and is headquartered in Cambridge, MA.

Part of GlobalData Plc, Lombard Street Research Ltd. provides investment research. The company is based in London, UK. Lombard Street Research was acquired by Trusted Sources UK Ltd. on August 01, 2016. The British company was founded in 1989.

Barclays Bank Plc (Private Banking) (BPB-UK) is the private banking division of Barclays Bank Plc, itself a subsidiary of Barclays Plc (LSE: BARC, ADR: BCS) in Great Britain. Founded in 1971, Barclays-PB is headquartered in London and offers wealth management products and services to high-net worth individuals, families and charities.

Commerzbank AG (UK) is the UK brokerage division of Commerzbank AG (FR: CBK) in Germany. Based in London, they engage in equity, debt and derivative instrument trading, investment banking, public finance and treasury, interest-rate and currency management, as well as corporate finance. In 2009 Dresdner Bank was acquired by and merged into Commerzbank and the London-based activities of Dresdner Kleinwort Securities absorbed into Commerzbank AG (UK). The firm provides capital markets services, corporate advisory, risk management, research and lending services focused on equity, corporate and emerging-market debt, derivatives and money market products. Their clients are European and international corporations, institutions and government entities. In terms of corporate finance they offer financial advisory as well as execution capabilities for a wide range of corporate finance-related transactions on a global basis. Their primary focus is on mergers and acquisitions, disposals, equity issues and initial public offerings.

Deutsche Bank AG (Deutsche Bank UK) is the UK-based securities brokerage division of Deutsche Bank AG (ETR: DBK) in Germany. The firm is headquartered in London and was founded in 1873. Deutsche Bank provides brokerage services to companies and institutions.

Barclays Capital Securities Ltd. (BCS) is the brokerage subsidiary of Barclays Bank plc, which is owned by Barclays Plc (LON: BARC), an international financial services group in Great Britain. The firm was founded in 1985 and is headquartered in London with offices worldwide. BCS provides prime brokerage services which include equities and fixed income financing, OTC Clearing, Futures and Foreign Exchange Prime Brokerage and access to industry insights and analytics.

Credit Suisse Securities (Europe) Ltd. (Credit Suisse Europe) is the Great Britain-based brokerage subsidiary of Credit Suisse Investment Holdings (UK), itself a subsidiary of Credit Suisse Group AG (SWX: CSGN) in Switzerland. The firm was founded in 1966 and formerly known as Credit Suisse First Boston (Europe) Ltd. Headquartered in London, Credit Suisse Europe arranges financing in international capital markets, provides financial advisory services and acts as a dealer in securities, derivatives and foreign exchange on a principal and agency basis for corporate and institutional investors.

Exane SA (Broker) (Exane) is the brokerage division of Exane SA, itself a subsidiary of Verner Investissements SAS in France. Established in 2004 as a joint venture between BNP Paribas and Verner Investissements, the firm is based in Paris and specializes in European equity research and broking activities. Exane has research centers in Paris and London which are supported by a team of economists and strategists.

UBS AG (London Branch) is the Great Britain-based brokerage subsidiary of UBS AG, ultimately held by UBS Group AG (SWX: UBSG) in Switzerland. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1998 and provides nimble, innovative and bespoke access to solutions, from market and insight tools, to trading strategies and execution for private, institutional and corporate clients worldwide, as well as private clients in Switzerland. They distribute, trade, finance and clear cash equity and equity-linked products. The firm also structures, originates and distributes new equity and equity-linked issues.

Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc (MSCI) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Investments (UK), ultimately held by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. MSCI provides a range of brokerage services to corporations, governments and financial institutions.

Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG (United Kingdom) (Berenberg-UK) is the Great Britain-based broker/dealer division of Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG, a multinational full-service investment bank in Germany. Headquartered in London, Berenberg-UK was founded in 2003 and provides trading and brokerage services to institutional and corporate clients.

Citigroup Global Markets India Pvt Ltd. (Citi India) is a brokerage firm headquartered in Mumbai, India. The firm was founded in 2000 and is a subsidiary of Seven World Holdings LLC, ultimately held by Citigroup, Inc. (NYSE: C) in the US. Citi India offers full-service execution services to corporate and investment banking companies.

Canaccord Genuity Ltd. (CGL) is the brokerage subsidiary of Canaccord Genuity Group, Inc. (TSE: CF). The firm is headquartered in London and was founded in 1983. CGL provides brokerage services to their clients.

Part of Cavendish Financial Plc, Cavendish Capital Markets Ltd. is a British brokerage company. The company is based in London, UK. The company was founded in 2007 by Samantha Jane Smith. John Carlos Farrugia has been the CEO of the company since 2022.

RBC Europe Ltd. is the Great Britain-based broker/dealer subsidiary of RBC Europe Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Royal Bank of Canada (TSE: RY) in Canada. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1970 and provides a full spectrum of brokerage services specifically tailored for both retail and institutional investors. The firm is active in several markets, exchanges, and electronic trading platforms.

DWS Investment GmbH (DWS) is an asset and wealth management firm headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany. The firm was founded in 2013 and is a subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG (ETR: DBK). DWS offers traditional and alternative investments across asset classes to institutional clients such as public and private pension funds, national and supranational entities, corporations, charities and foundations. They also provide customized wealth management solutions and private banking services to high-net worth individuals and family offices.

Absa Capital Securities (Pty) Ltd. is the broker/dealer subsidiary of Absa Capital (Pty) Ltd., ultimately owned by Absa Group Ltd. (JSE: ABG) in South Africa. Headquartered in Sandton, the firm provides a full spectrum of brokerage services specifically tailored for both retail and institutional investors.

Jefferies International Ltd. (JIL) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a subsidiary of Jefferies Holdings II Ltd., ultimately held by Jefferies Financial Group, Inc. (NYSE: JEF) in the US. JIL provides broking services to various investors.

Cerno Capital Partners LLP (Cerno Capital) is an independent investment manager headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded by Nick Hornby and James Spence in 2007 as IWM Independent Wealth Management LLP. Cerno Capital provides investment management and service to individuals, families, charities and institutions.

Part of Citigroup, Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Singapore Pte Ltd. is a company that provides brokerage services. The company is based in Singapore, Singapore.