The motion was rejected by a margin of 81-52 in the 150-member parliament. One member of Prime Minister Mark Rutte's own party broke away to oppose the bailout, which is unpopular with Rutte's conservative voter base.
Rutte said earlier that a parliamentary motion for or against the bailout was unnecessary, as it was the cabinet, not parliament, that makes policy.
Rutte also easily survived a no-confidence vote called by right-wing lawmaker Geert Wilders, who deeply opposes the bailout.
(Reporting by Toby Sterling; Editing by Mark Heinrich)