Komatsu IR-Day 2023

Development path towards

carbon neutrality

Taisuke Kusaba

Senior Executive Officer

CTO & President of Development Division

Mid-term management plan

2

Global movement towards carbon neutrality

  • EU : Allowing sales of new vehicles using synthetic fuel
  • North America : It is likely to become a major driver in the future due to huge investment.

(Up until now, we have mainly focused on electrification in Japan and Europe, but we would like to keep an eye on the US as well in the future.)

EU

North

America

Japan

Others

  • On March 8, 2023, EU decided to ban sale of new cars other than non-emission cars that do not emit CO2 from 2035 onwards but will allow sale of new cars that use synthetic fuel as an exception.
  • On August 16, 2022, US Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) was enacted, providing subsidies of up to $7,500 to EV buyers. Automakers and battery manufacturers are increasingly announcing plans to establish production facilities in United States to meet requirements for tax credits.
    Main battery factory construction plans: GM + Samsung SDI / Hyundai Motor + LG Energy Solution / Panasonic Energy / VW / Honda + LG Energy Solution / Ford / Toyota
  • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announces policy to replace 500,000 school buses in United States with latest electric buses, and work is underway to replace them. (Period: 2022-2026, Budget: $5B)
  • On June 6, 2023, government decided to revise the basic hydrogen strategy at meeting of relevant ministers and announced investment plan of 15 trillion yen in public and private sectors over the next 15 years. Hydrogen supply expansion policy: current 2 million tons, 30 million tons in 2030, 12 million tons in 2040,
    20 million tons in 2050
  • On June 16, 2023, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry decided to provide approximately 120 billion yen

in subsidies for development of batteries for Toyota EVs.

Government has designated storage batteries as particularly important material for economic security and has set budget of over 300 billion yen to encourage domestic development and production.

  • COP28 (from November 30, 2023, UAE):
    Countries such as United States / EU / UAE are expected to formulate pledge to triple their use of renewable energy in 2030. There is strong possibility that "liquid hydrogen" and "ammonia", which are effective carriers, will attract more attention as

activities toward spread of hydrogen society.

  • F1: Adoption of carbon neutral liquid fuel until 2026 Aim for carbon neutrality in all activities until 2030

CO2 actually emitted in F1

  1. Areas away from site, such as moving machines and parts : 45%
  2. Staff movement : 22.7%

(3) CO2 emissions from F1 cars : 0.7% of total F1 CO2 emissions 3

Roadmap for achieving carbon neutrality

Acquire all carbon neutral

Deployment of carbon

technologies to respond to diverse

neutral technology to

customer environments

all models

Roadmap updates :

Underground mining

Active use of carbon neutral

fuel at an early stage

Protection of underground miner's health

Market spread of carbon neutral machines

Surface mining

On-site generation and hydrogen fuel

2010

2020

2025

2030

2035

2040

2045

2050

Zero

Diesel internal

Hydrogen engine /

carbon neutral fuel

Reductions

Fuel cell

combustion

from products

improvement

Halved CO2

Battery /

emissions in 2030

Cable

Forestry

-50%

(50% reduction in CO2

emissions from 2010)

Hybrid /

Urban civil engineering

Diesel electric

Use urban electricity infrastructure

Reductions

General civil engineering

from solutions

-100%

Electrified equipment for reducing environment impacts

improvement

Carbon neutrality in 2050

Extent of reduction

(100% reduction in CO2

from 2010

emissions from 2010)

4

Two-pronged approach of improvements in products and solutions

to reduce CO2 emissions

Solutions that optimize customers' operation processes through digitalization, together

with safe, eco-friendly, and highly efficient products that are compatible with our solutions.

(For Smart Construction)

Level 5

Create work tasks and

value

work orders

Level 4

customer

Optimization of

Data monitoring

construction planning

Level 3

Maximizing

Level 2

Visualization of topography/workplace

Level 1

Workplace digitization

Solutions (Optimization level of customers' entire operation processes)

Conventional

  • Safe, highly productive, smart and clean workplace of the future
  • Digital transformation
  • Carbon neutrality

Products (Level of automation and autonomous operation)

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Level 5

Limited operation

Advanced

Advanced

Advanced

Advanced decision-

support

operation support

solo automation

collaborative

making

autonomous

autonomous

operation

operation

Products (Improvement of equipment efficiency / Reduction of CO2 emissions)

Innovate manufacturing technology and develop new value chain

5

Challenges and countermeasures to new power sources

Construction and mining equipment operate under harsh vibration, dust, and harsh temperature conditions, etc.

Performance

Durability

- Countermeasures to decrease

- Durability under harsh vibration

energy density

  • Extension of energy input and output (output power and endurance)

Bigger room for new power source!!

4 challenges to

overcome for new

Environment

power sources

Vibration level of construction and mining equipment (especially crawler type): More than 10 times that of an automobile

Cost

- Quick supply energy

- Price optimization

- Reliability and durability under

- Development of energy supply

harsh condition

infrastructure including battery

circulation, etc.

Snow condition

Dust condition

6

Electric construction machineries introduced to the market this fiscal year

3-tonclass electric mini excavators "PC30E/PC33E-6"

13-tonclass electric excavators "PC138E-11

equipped with lithium-ion batteries are released in the

" equipped with lithium-ion batteries, are scheduled

Japanese and European markets.

to be introduced in the Japanese market as a

rental machine from January 2024 onwards.

【PC30E-6】

We plan to begin introducing 20-tonclass electric

excavators "PC200LCE/210LCE-11"equipped with

lithium-ion batteries as a rental machine in the Japanese and European markets from October onwards. (Sequentially introduced in Asia, North America, and Australia)

【PC138E-11】

Electric micro excavators "PC05E-1"jointly

developed with Honda Motor Co., Ltd. are released in the Japanese market from October this year.

【PC200LCE-11】

【PC05E-1】

7

Research and development related hydrogen

Concept machine of medium-sized hydraulic excavator equipped hydrogen fuel cell

Komatsu started proof-of-concept (PoC) in May 2023 on concept machine for medium-sized hydraulic excavator equipped key components

developed in-houseand fuel cell, with aim of mass producing medium- to large-sized construction machineries equipped with fuel cell in the near future.

Research and development of electric dump truck equipped fuel cell

Hydrogen tank

We have clarified technical issues and are

H2

Fuel cell bench test facility

currently building fuel cell control and

H2

Fuel cell

simulation technology on the bench.

H2

In addition, we will install megawatt class

fuel cell bench in Oyama Plant into

Battery

operation by the end of 2025 with aim of

establishing multi-parallel control and

Motor

energy management control in vehicle

circuits.

Hydrogen mixed fuel engine

Commercialized 250kW hydrogen mixed

generator with Denyo Co., Ltd. Introduced at our Oyama Plant.

Fuel cell bench test (Megawatt class): verification with real component

Test on prototype machine

8

Means of products towards carbon neutrality "Tank to Wheel"

  • Promote usage of proprietary technology as a "bridge technology" to carbon neutrality.
  • Efforts will also be made to utilize "carbon neutral fuel" such as biodiesel and HVO.

Bridge technology

Trolley / Cable

Hybrid

Diesel electric

Direction of development : Energy

Battery vehicle

Non-internal

combustion Fuel cells vehicle

2020 2030 2040 2050

Hybrid, Diesel electric, Trolley / Cable

Diesel engine vehicle (Improved fuel efficiency)

Carbon neutral fuel

HVO

Bio diesel (FAME)

Biofuel

(Hydrogenated vegetable oil)

GTL fuel

e-fuel

CO2

capture technology

Gradually

switching

Hydrogen mixed fuel engine (Generator)

filling fuel to

Internal

HVO fuel at

combustion

European

Hydrogen fuel (100%) engine vehicle

factories

9

Energy and fuel towards carbon neutrality "Well to Wheel"

Material

Energy / Fuel

Fossil fuel

Diesel fuel

Carbon neutral

fuel FAME, GTL, HVO, e-fuel etc.

Ammonia

  • Renewable energy

- Biomass Hydrogen

Products

CO2 capture

technology

Engine

Generator

Output

  • Nuclear fuel (nuclear)

Off-grid

FC

Motor

Electricity

solutions

Battery

- Cable

- Trolley

Generated by green energy

10

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Komatsu Ltd. published this content on 20 December 2023 and is solely responsible for the information contained therein. Distributed by Public, unedited and unaltered, on 21 December 2023 12:59:09 UTC.